Jacarea

Jacarea is a clade of caimans within the subfamily Caimaninae. Jacarea was first named by Norell in 1988 to include the extant species within the genera Caiman and Melanosuchus, while excluding the dwarf caiman genus Paleosuchus.[1] In 1999, Brochu formally cladistically defined Jacarea as the last common ancestor of Caiman latirosris (Broad-snouted caiman), Caiman crocodilus (Spectacled caiman), Caiman yacare (Yacare caiman), Melanosuchus niger (Black caiman), and all its descendants.[1] Molecular DNA phylogenetic studies recover Paleosuchus as outside of Jacarea, although morphological studies are inconsistent.[1]

Jacarea
Temporal range: Paleocene–Present,
Yacare caiman, Caiman yacare
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Crocodilia
Family: Alligatoridae
Subfamily: Caimaninae
Clade: Jacarea
Norell, 1988
Genera

The cladogram below shows the results of the strict consensus phylogenetic analysis of the 2020 Cicade et al. study:[2]

Caimaninae
 

†Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus

 
 
 

†Gnatusuchus pebasensis

 
 
 

†Globidentosuchus brachyrostris

 
 
 
 

†Eocaiman palaeocenicus

 
 
 

†Eocaiman itaboraiensis

 
 

†Eocaiman cavernensis

 
 
 
 
 

†Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis

 
 
 
 
 

†Bottosaurus harlani

 
 

†Tsoabichi greenriverensis

 
 
 
 

Paleosuchus trigonatus Smooth-fronted caiman

 
 

Paleosuchus palpebrosus Cuvier's dwarf caiman

 
 
 
 
 
 

†Caiman gasparinae

 
 
 
 

†Mourasuchus amazonensis

 
 

†Mourasuchus pattersoni

 
 
 
 

†Mourasuchus atopus

 
 

†Mourasuchus arendsi

 
 
 
 
Jacarea
 

†Necrosuchus ionensis

 
 

†UCMP 39978

 
 

†Caiman wannlangstoni

 
 

†Centenariosuchus gilmorei

 
 

†Caiman brevirostris

 
 

Melanosuchus niger Black caiman

 
 

Caiman latirostris Broad-snouted caiman

 
 

Caiman yacare Yacare caiman

 
 

Caiman crocodilus Spectacled caiman

 
 
 

†Acresuchus pachytemporalis

 
 
 

†Purussaurus neivensis

 
 

†Purussaurus mirandai

 
 

†Purussaurus brasiliensis

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9: e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.
  2. Cicade, G.M.; Fortier, D.; Hsiou, A.S. (2020). "Taxonomic and phylogenetic review of Necrosuchus ionensis (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) and the early evolution and radiation of caimanines". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (2): 657–669. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz051.
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