Passerea

Passerea is a clade of neoavian birds that was proposed by Jarvis et al. (2014).[2] Their genomic analysis recovered two major clades within Neoaves, Passerea and Columbea, and concluded that both clades appear to have many ecologically driven convergent traits.

Passerea
Temporal range: Early Paleocene–Holocene Possible an early origin based on molecular clock[1]
Beautiful firetail (Stagonopleura bella)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Infraclass: Neognathae
Clade: Neoaves
Clade: Passerea
Jarvis et al., 2014
Clades

According to Jarvis (2014), these convergences include the foot-propelled diving trait of grebes in Columbea with loons and cormorants in Passerea; the wading-feeding trait of flamingos in Columbea with ibises and egrets in Passerea; and pigeons and sandgrouse in Columbea with shorebirds (killdeer) in Passerea. For Jarvis (2014), these long-known trait and morphological alliances suggest that some of the traditional nongenomic trait classifications are based on polyphyletic assemblages.

Passerea was not recovered in other studies.[3][1]

Phylogeny

Cladogram of Passerea relationships based on Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014)[2] with some clade names after Yuri, T. et al. (2013)[4] and Kimball et al. 2013.[5]

Passerea
 
Otidae
 

Strisores (hummingbirds, swifts)

 
Otidimorphae
 

Cuculiformes (cuckoos)

 
 
 

Otidiformes (bustards)

 
 

Musophagiformes (turacos)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gruae
 

Opisthocomiformes (hoatzin)

 
Gruimorphae
 

Gruiformes (rails and cranes)

 
 

Charadriiformes (shorebirds)

 
 
 
 
 
Ardeae
 

Aequornithes (loons, penguins, herons, pelicans, storks, etc)

 
Eurypygimorphae
 

Eurypygiformes (sunbittern, kagu)

 
 

Phaethontiformes (tropicbirds)

 
 
 
Telluraves
Afroaves
 
Accipitrimorphae
 

Cathartiformes

 
 

Accipitriformes

 
 
 
 
 

Strigiformes (owls)

 
Coraciimorphae
 

Coliiformes (mousebirds)

 
Cavitaves
 

Leptosomiformes (cuckoo roller)

 
Eucavitaves
 

Trogoniformes (trogons)

 
Picocoraciae
 

Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoe and wood hoopoes)

 
Picodynastornithes
 

Coraciformes

 
 

Piciformes

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Australaves
 

Cariamiformes (seriamas and terror birds)

 
Eufalconimorphae
 

Falconiformes (falcons)

 
Psittacopasserae
 

Psittaciformes (parrots)

 
 

Passeriformes (songbirds and kin)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following cladogram illustrates the proposed relationships between bird clades of Passerea. This consensus phylogeny of birds is based on phylogenomic data, reflecting a recent phylogenomic supertree analysis[6] and modified after two recent more recent phylogenomic studies.[7][1]

Passerea
 

Charadriiformes (waders and relatives)

 
 

Gruiformes (rails and cranes)

 
 

Opisthocomiformes (hoatzin)

 
Strisores
 

Caprimulgiformes (nightjars)

 
 
 

Steatornithiformes (oilbird)

 
 

Nyctibiiformes (potoos)

 
 
 

Podargiformes (frogmouths)

 
 
 

Aegotheliformes (owlet-nightjars)

 
 

Nyctibiiformes (swifts, treeswifts and hummingbirds)

 
 
 
 
 
Otidimorphae
 

Otidiformes (bustards)

 
 

Cuculiformes (cuckoos)

 
 

Musophagiformes (turacos)

 
 
Ardeae
Eurypygimorphae
 

Phaethontiformes (tropicbirds)

 
 

Eurypygiformes (sunbittern and kagu)

 
 
Aequornithes
 

Gaviiformes[8] (loons)

 
 
Austrodyptornithes
 

Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels)

 
 

Sphenisciformes (penguins)

 
 
 
 

Ciconiiformes (storks)

 
 
 

Suliformes (boobies, cormorants, etc.)

 
 

Pelecaniformes (pelicans, herons & ibises)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Telluraves
Accipitrimorphae
 

Cathartiformes (New World vultures)

 
 

Accipitriformes (hawks and relatives)

 
 
 

Strigiformes (owls)

 
Coraciimorphae
 

Coliiformes (mouse birds)

 
Cavitaves
 

Leptosomiformes (cuckoo roller)

 
 
 

Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)

 
Picocoraciae
 

Bucerotiformes (hornbills and relatives)

 
Picodynastornithes
 

Coraciiformes (kingfishers and relatives)

 
 

Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Australaves
 

Cariamiformes (seriemas)

 
Eufalconimorphae
 

Falconiformes (falcons)

 
Psittacopasserae
 

Psittaciformes (parrots)

 
 

Passeriformes (passerines)

 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Kuhl, H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution: 143. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168.
  2. Jarvis, E. D.; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; et al. (2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. PMC 4405904. PMID 25504713.
  3. Prum, R. O. et al. (2015) A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature 526, 569–573.
  4. Yuri, T.; et al. (2013). "Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals". Biology. 2 (1): 419–444. doi:10.3390/biology2010419. PMC 4009869. PMID 24832669.
  5. Kimball, R.T. et al. (2013) Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life. Mol Phylogenet Evol. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029
  6. Kimball, R.T.; Oliveros, C.H.; Wang, N.; White, N.D.; Barker, F.K.; Field, D.J.; Ksepka, D.T.; Chesser, R.T.; Moyle, R.G.; & Braun, M.J. (2019) A phylogenomic supertree of birds. Diversity 2019, 11, 109.
  7. Braun, E.L. & Kimball, R.T. (2021) Data types and the phylogeny of Neoaves. Birds, 2(1), 1-22; https://doi.org/10.3390/birds2010001
  8. Boyd, John (2007). "NEORNITHES: 46 Orders" (PDF). John Boyd's website. Retrieved 30 December 2017.


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