RFE Phonetic Alphabet

The RFE Phonetic Alphabet, named for a journal of philology, the Revista de Filología Española, 'Review of Spanish Philology' (RFE), is a phonetic alphabet originally developed in 1915 for the languages and dialects of Iberian origin, primarily Spanish. The alphabet was proposed by Tomás Navarro Tomás and adopted by the Centro de Estudios Históricos, 'Center of Historical Studies' in Madrid for the RFE and by the Instituto de Filología de Buenos Aires, 'Institute of Philology of Buenos Aires'.[1] It is used solely in works based on Hispanic themes, such as the Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica, 'Linguistic Atlas of the Iberian Peninsula' (ALPI), as well as phonetics manuals. Additionally, this phonetic alphabet is taught at the universities of Spanish-speaking countries such as Mexico.[2]

Symbols
Bilabial consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
bbondadbon̹dáđ̥Voiced bilabial stopb
ppadrepáđreVoiceless bilabial stopp
mamaramárVoiced bilabial nasalm
m̥mismo (And.)mím̥moVoiceless bilabial nasalm̥
ƀhabaáƀaVoiced bilabial fricativeβ
ƀ̥las botas (And.)la ƀ̥ótahVoiceless bilabial fricativeɸ
Labiodental consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
m̭confusokom̭fúṡoLabiodental nasalɱ
ffácilfáθįlVoiceless labiodental fricativef
vvida (emphatic)víđaVoiced labiodental fricativev
Interdental consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
ḍcruz divina (emphatic)krúẓ ḍiƀínaVoiced interdental stopd̪͆
ṭhazte acááθṭe akáVoiceless interdental stopt̪͆
ṇonzaóṇθaInterdental nasaln̪͆
ẓjuzgarxųẓǥár
θmozomóθoVoiceless interdental fricativeθ̪͆
đruedar̄wéđaVoiced interdental fricativeð̪͆
đtomadotomáđoInterdental approximantð̞
đ̥verdadbęrđáđ̥Voiceless interdental approximantθ̞
ḷcalzadokaḷθađoVoiceless interdental laterall̪͆
Dental consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
dduchodúĉoVoiced dental stopd̪
ttomartomáɹVoiceless dental stopt̪
n̹montemón̹teDental nasaln̪
z̹desdedéz̹đeVoiced dental fricativeð
s̹hastaás̹taVoiceless dental fricativeθ
l̹faldafál̹daDental lateral approximantl̪
Alveolar consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
nmanomã́noAlveolar nasaln
n̥asno (And.)án̥noVoiceless alveolar nasaln̥
ŝchobu (W.Ast.)ŝóƀuVoiceless alveolar affricateʦ
zlos días (Mex.)lo zíah
srosa (And.)r̄osa
żrasgarr̄ażǥáɹVoiced alveolar fricativez
ṡcasakáṡaVoiceless alveolar fricatives
llunalúnaAlveolar lateral approximantl
l̥muslo (And.)mųl̥loVoiceless alveolar lateral approximantl̥
rhoraǫ́raAlveolar flapɾ
r̥multitudmųr̥titúVoiceless alveolar flapɾ̥
r̄carrokár̄oAlveolar trillr
ɹcolorkolǫ́ɹAlveolar approximantɹ
ɹ̊trigo (Mex.)tɹ̊íǥoVoiceless alveolar approximantɹ̥
ɹ̱honra (Chil.),
pondré (Mex.)		ónɹ̱a,
põɹ̱é		Geminated voiced alveolar approximant[ɹː]
ɹ̱̊perro (Chil.)pę́ɹ̱̊o / pę́ɹ̱oGeminated voiceless alveolar approximant[ɹ̥ː]
Prepalatal consonant
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
n̮añoán̮oPalatal nasalɲ
ŷyugoŷúǥoVoiced palatal affricateɟ͡ʝ
ĉmuchomúĉoVoiceless postalveolar affricateʧ
žmayo (Arg.)mažoVoiced postalveolar fricativeʒ
šrexa (Ast.)r̄ešaVoiceless postalveolar fricativeʃ
ymayomáyoVoiced palatal fricativeʝ
ẙjefe (Chil.)ẙefe / ẙjéfe
jnietonjétoPalatal approximantj
j̊inquietoiŋ́ḱj̊éto / iŋ́ḱj̊eto
l̮castillokas̹tíl̮oPalatal lateral approximantʎ
ÿsubyugarsųƀÿuǥáɹ
Pospalatal consonants
RFE Example Transcription
ǵguitarraǵitár̄a
ḱquimeraḱiméra
ŋ́inquiririŋ́ḱirír
ǥ́seguirṡeǥ́iɹ
x́regirr̄ex́ír
Velar consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
ggustargųs̹táɹVoiced velar stopg
kcasakáṡaVoiceless velar stopk
ŋnuncanṹŋkaVelar nasalŋ
ǥrogarr̄oǥárVoiced velar fricativeɣ
xjamásxamásVoiceless velar fricativex
łmalalt (Cat.)məlạłVelarized alveolar lateral approximantɫ
whuesowéṡoVoiced labio-velar approximantw
w̥fuera (esp. enf.)fw̥éraVoiceless labio-velar approximantʍ
Uvular consonants
RFE Example Transcription
ŋ̇don Juandoŋ̇ ẋwán
ǥ̇agujaaǥ̇úxa
ẋenjuagareŋ̇ẋwaǥár
Laryngeal consonants
RFE Example Transcription Consonant IPA
hhorno (And.)hǫ́rnoVoiceless glottal fricativeh
vocales
RFE Description
į ę ǫ ųLowered
i e a o uUnmarked vowels
ẹ ọRaised
ąFronted a
ạBacked a
ǫ̈Labialized ę
öLabialized e
ų̈Labialized į
üLabialized i
əSchwa
ĩ ã ũ õ, etc.Nasalized vowels
á ó ę́ ã́Vowels with stress marker
aː oː lː sː mː nː, etc.Long (Vowel Length or Gemination)
đ đ̥, etc.Reduced sounds

Sources
  • RFE (1915) "Alfabeto fonético de la revista de filología española"; Revista de Filología Española 2: 374-376.
  • Navarro Tomás, Tomás (1966) "El alfabeto fonético de la Revista de Filología Española"; Anuario de Letras 6: 5-19.

See also

References
  1. Pop 1950
  2. Cuétara Priede 2004, p. 46

Bibliography
  • Alvar, Manuel; & Mouton, Pilar García. Textos Andaluces en Transcription fonética. Madrid : Editorial Gredos.
  • Cuétara Priede, Javier. 2004. Fonética de la ciudad de México: Aportaciones desde las tecnologías del habla. México : Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Face, Timothy L. 2008. Guide to the Phonetic Symbols of Spanish. Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.
  • García Mouton, Pilar; & Moreno Fernández, Francisco (dir.). 2003. « Alfabeto fonético y otros signos », in Atlas Lingüístico (y etnográfico) de Castilla - La Mancha, Universidad de Alcalá. <http://www2.uah.es/alecman>
  • Llisterri, Joaquim. 2012. La Transcription fonética, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
  • Navarro Tomás, Tomás. 1915. “Alfabeto fonético ”, in Revista de Filología Española, tomo 2, pp. 374–376.
  • Navarro Tomás, Tomás. 1966. “El alfabeto fonético de la Revista de Filología Española”, in Anuario de Letras, tome 6, 1966, pp. 5–19.
  • Martín Butragueño, Pedro. 2012. Fonología variable del español de México. sección Alfabeto fonético
  • Pop, Sever. La dialectologie : aperçu historique et méthodes d'enquêtes linguistiques, J. Duculot, Louvain, 1950, 2 vol. (volumen 1 y volumen 2)
  • El International Phonetic Alphabet y el de la RFE
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