List of dynasties

This is a list of dynasties and dynastic regimes in the context of monarchy, both sovereign and non-sovereign, organized by geographic region. Extant dynasties are rendered in bold and highlighted.

General information

Criteria for inclusion

This list includes defunct and extant monarchical dynasties of both sovereign and non-sovereign statuses. Monarchical regimes each ruled by a single family—that is, a dynasty, although not explicitly styled as such (e.g. Golden Horde, Qara Qoyunlu)—are included. Where possible, rival claimants to thrones and descendants of abolished thrones are also listed. Dynasties of micronations (e.g. Bertoleoni dynasty), political families (e.g. Roosevelt family, Chiang family), and family dictatorships (e.g. Mount Paektu bloodline, Duvalier dynasty) are not included.

This list is sorted by the territorial extent of dynasties. Listing a particular dynasty under a specific section need not necessarily denote affiliation—political, ethnic, cultural, or otherwise—between the historical dynasty and the contemporary polity/polities existing in the region.

Some dynasties appear more than once in this list, because:

Nomenclature

A dynasty may be known by more than one name, either due to differences between its official and historiographical denominations, and/or due to the existence of multiple official and/or historiographical names (e.g. the Amorian dynasty is also referred to as the "Phrygian dynasty").

Due to variations in romanization, the name of a dynasty may be rendered differently depending on the sources (e.g. the Qing dynasty is also written as "Ch῾ing dynasty" using the Wade–Giles romanization).

Extant dynasties

  Constitutional monarchy (non-Commonwealth realm)
  Semi-constitutional monarchy

List of extant dynasties ruling sovereign monarchies

There are 43 sovereign states with a monarch as head of state, of which 41 are ruled by dynasties.[lower-alpha 1] There are currently 26 sovereign dynasties, two of which rule more than one sovereign state.

Dynasty Realm Reigning monarch Dynastic founder[lower-alpha 2] Dynastic place of origin[lower-alpha 3]
House of Windsor[lower-alpha 4][lower-alpha 5]  Antigua and Barbuda Queen Elizabeth II King-Emperor George V[lower-alpha 6] Thuringia and Bavaria
(in modern Germany)
 Commonwealth of Australia[lower-alpha 7]
 Commonwealth of The Bahamas
 Belize
 Canada
 Grenada
 Jamaica
New Zealand[lower-alpha 8]
 Independent State of Papua New Guinea
 Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Solomon Islands
 Tuvalu
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[lower-alpha 9]
House of Khalifa  Kingdom of Bahrain King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed Najd
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Belgium[lower-alpha 10]  Kingdom of Belgium King Philippe King Albert I[lower-alpha 11] Thuringia and Bavaria
(in modern Germany)
House of Wangchuck  Kingdom of Bhutan Druk Gyalpo Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck Druk Gyalpo Ugyen Wangchuck Bhutan
House of Bolkiah  Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Sultan Muhammad Shah Tarim[lower-alpha 12]
(in modern Yemen)
House of Norodom[lower-alpha 13]  Kingdom of Cambodia King Norodom Sihamoni King Norodom Prohmbarirak Cambodia
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg[lower-alpha 14] Kingdom of Denmark[lower-alpha 15] Queen Margrethe II Duke Friedrich Wilhelm Glücksburg
(in modern Germany)
 Kingdom of Norway[lower-alpha 16] King Harald V
House of Dlamini  Kingdom of Eswatini King Mswati III Chief Dlamini I East Africa
Imperial House of Japan[lower-alpha 17]  Japan Emperor Naruhito Emperor Jimmu Nara
(in modern Japan)
House of Hashim[lower-alpha 18]  Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan King Abdullah II King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi Hejaz
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Sabah  State of Kuwait Emir Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Sheikh Sabah I bin Jaber Najd
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Moshesh  Kingdom of Lesotho King Letsie III Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe I Lesotho
House of Liechtenstein  Principality of Liechtenstein Prince Hans-Adam II Prince Karl I Lower Austria
(in modern Austria)
House of Luxembourg-Nassau[lower-alpha 19]  Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Grand Duke Henri Grand Duke Adolphe Nassau
(in modern Germany)
Bendahara dynasty[lower-alpha 20]  Malaysia[lower-alpha 21] Yang di-Pertuan Agong Abdullah Bendahara Tun Habib Abdul Majid Johor
(in modern Malaysia)
House of Grimaldi  Principality of Monaco Prince Albert II François Grimaldi Genoa
(in modern Italy)
Alaouite dynasty  Kingdom of Morocco King Mohammed VI Sultan Abul Amlak Sidi Muhammad as-Sharif ibn 'Ali Tafilalt
(in modern Morocco)
House of Orange-Nassau[lower-alpha 22]  Kingdom of the Netherlands[lower-alpha 23] King Willem-Alexander Prince William I Nassau
(in modern Germany)
House of Busaid  Sultanate of Oman Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Sultan Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi Yemen
House of Thani  State of Qatar Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed Najd
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Saud  Kingdom of Saudi Arabia King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Emir Saud I Diriyah
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Borbón-Anjou[lower-alpha 24]  Kingdom of Spain King Felipe VI King Philip V Bourbon-l'Archambault
(in modern France)
House of Bernadotte  Kingdom of Sweden King Carl XVI Gustaf King Charles XIV John Pau
(in modern France)
Chakri dynasty  Kingdom of Thailand King Vajiralongkorn King Rama I Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
(in modern Thailand)
House of Tupou  Kingdom of Tonga King Tupou VI King George Tupou I Tonga
House of Nahyan[lower-alpha 25]  United Arab Emirates[lower-alpha 26] President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa Al Nahyan Liwa Oasis
(in modern United Arab Emirates)

List of sovereign states and territories with extant non-sovereign dynasties

The following is a list of sovereign states and territories with existing dynasties ruling non-sovereign polities. Such dynasties usually possess and exercise authority over subnational divisions or people groups. Although non-sovereign dynasties may be conferred official status through constitutional arrangement or government recognition (like the dynasties ruling Botswana's subnational chiefdoms), there are also those that are not officially recognized (such as the Te Wherowhero dynasty of the Māori King Movement in New Zealand).

Continent Sovereign state or territory
Africa  Republic of Benin
 Republic of Botswana
 Republic of Chad
 Republic of Equatorial Guinea
 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
 Republic of Malawi
 Islamic Republic of Mauritania
 Republic of Namibia
 Republic of Niger
 Federal Republic of Nigeria
 Republic of Senegal
 Republic of South Africa
 Republic of South Sudan
 Republic of the Sudan
 United Republic of Tanzania
 Togolese Republic
 Republic of Uganda
 Republic of Zambia
Asia  People's Republic of Bangladesh
 Republic of India
 Republic of Indonesia
 Malaysia
 Republic of the Philippines
 Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
 United Arab Emirates
Europe  Montenegro[lower-alpha 27]
North America  Republic of Panama
Oceania  Cook Islands
 Republic of the Marshall Islands
 Federated States of Micronesia
 New Caledonia
 New Zealand
 Republic of Palau
 Independent State of Samoa
 Tuvalu
 Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands
South America  Plurinational State of Bolivia

List of dynasties in Africa

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties
  Extant non-sovereign dynasties

Algeria

Benin

Cabo Verde (Cape Verde)

Central African Republic

Chad

Congo

Egypt

Eswatini (Swaziland)

Ethiopia

Guinea

Lesotho

Libya

Madagascar

Mali

Mauritius

Morocco (+ Mauritania)

Niger

Nigeria

São Tomé and Príncipe

  • House of Aviz (AD 1470–1580) – São Tomé and Príncipe under Portuguese rule
    • House of Aviz-Beja (AD 1495–1580) – São Tomé and Príncipe under Portuguese rule
    • House of Braganza (AD 1640–1910) – São Tomé and Príncipe under Portuguese rule
  • Philippine dynasty (AD 1581–1640) – São Tomé and Príncipe under Portuguese rule

Senegambia

Seychelles

Somalia

Somaliland

South Africa

Sudan

Tunisia

Western Sahara

Zimbabwe

List of dynasties in Asia

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties
  Extant non-sovereign dynasties
  Extant dynasties ruling both sovereign and non-sovereign polities

Afghanistan

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Bahrain

Bhutan

  • House of Wangchuck (དབང་ཕྱུག་རྒྱལ་བརྒྱུད་) (1907–present)

Brunei

Cambodia

Central Asia

Chagos Archipelago

Champa

  • 1st dynasty (192–336)
  • 2nd dynasty (336–420)
  • 3rd dynasty (420–529)
  • 4th dynasty (529–758)
  • 5th dynasty (758–854)
  • 6th dynasty (854–989)
  • 7th dynasty (989–1044)
  • 8th dynasty (1044–1074)
  • 9th dynasty (1074–1139)
  • 10th dynasty (1139–1145)
  • 11th dynasty (1145–1190)
  • 12th dynasty (1190–1318)
  • 13th dynasty (1318–1390)
  • 14th dynasty (1390–1458)
  • 15th dynasty (1458–1471)
  • Dynasty of Po Saktiraidaputih (1695–1822)

China

  • Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors (三皇五帝(ㄙㄢ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ)) (?–2070 BC) – Legendary
    • Taotang-shi (陶唐氏(ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄤˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Legendary
    • Youyu-shi (有虞氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄩˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Legendary
  • Xia dynasty (夏朝(ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄔㄠˊ)) (2070–1600 BC) – Semi-legendary; Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
  • Shang dynasty (商朝(ㄕㄤ ㄔㄠˊ)) (1600–1046 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
  • Jizi Chaoxian (箕子朝鮮(ㄐㄧ ㄗˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ)) (1120–194 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
  • Zhou dynasty (周朝(ㄓㄡ ㄔㄠˊ)) (1046–256 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
  • Zhangzhung (象雄(ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ)) (500 BC–AD 625)
  • Minyue (閩越(ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄩㄝˋ)) (334–111 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zou (騶) of Baiyue descent
  • Dian Kingdom (滇國(ㄉㄧㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (278–109 BC)
  • Fuyu (扶餘(ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ)) (239 BC–AD 494)
    • Northern Fuyu (北扶餘(ㄅㄟˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ)) (239–58 BC)
    • Zuben Fuyu (卒本扶餘(ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄣˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ)) (86–37 BC)
    • Eastern Fuyu (東扶餘(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ)) (86 BC–AD 410)
  • Pre-Qin dynastic fiefs (先秦諸侯國(ㄒㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨ ㄏㄡˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–221 BC)
    • Shu (蜀(ㄕㄨˇ)) (2500–316 BC)
      • Cancong dynasty (蠶叢(ㄘㄢˊ ㄘㄨㄥˊ)) (2500 BC–?)
      • Boguan dynasty (柏灌(ㄅㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ)) (?–1700 BC)
      • Yufu dynasty (魚鳧(ㄩˊ ㄈㄨˊ)) (1700–1200 BC)
      • Duyu dynasty (杜宇(ㄉㄨˋ ㄩˇ)) (1200–600 BC)
      • Kaiming dynasty (開明(ㄎㄞ ㄇㄧㄥˊ)) (600–316 BC)
    • Yue (越(ㄩㄝˋ)) (2032–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Baiyue descent
    • Mixu (密須(ㄇㄧˋ ㄒㄩ)) (21st century–10th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Dong (董(ㄉㄨㄥˇ)) (21st century–7th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Huaxia descent
    • Guzhu (孤竹(ㄍㄨ ㄓㄨˊ)) (1600–660 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Qi (杞(ㄑㄧˇ)) (16th century–445 BC) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Deng (鄧(ㄉㄥˋ)) (1200–678 BC) – Ruled by the House of Man (曼) of Huaxia descent
    • Xi (息(ㄒㄧ)) (1122–680 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • E (鄂(ㄝˋ)) (12th century–863 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Quan (權(ㄑㄩㄢˊ)) (12th century–704 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Wu (吳(ㄨˊ)) (1096–473 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Bei (邶(ㄅㄟˋ)) (?–1059 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Guan (管(ㄍㄨㄢˇ)) (1046–1039 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Feng (酆(ㄈㄥ)) (1046–1023 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiao (焦(ㄐㄧㄠ)) (1046–775 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhu (祝(ㄓㄨˋ)) (1046–768 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Eastern Guo (東虢(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (1046–767 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Su (宿(ㄙㄨˋ)) (1046–684 BC) – Ruled by the House of Feng (風) of Huaxia descent
    • Tan (譚(ㄊㄢˊ)) (1046–684 BC) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Huo (霍(ㄏㄨㄛˋ)) (1046–661 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shu (舒(ㄕㄨ)) (1046–657 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Yu (虞(ㄩˊ)) (1046–655 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Western Guo (西虢(ㄒㄧ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (1046–655 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
      • Northern Guo (北虢(ㄅㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–?)
      • Southern Guo (南虢(ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–?)
    • Wen (溫(ㄨㄣ)) (1046–650 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Huaxia descent
    • Ying (英(ㄧㄥ)) (1046–646 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Yuan (原(ㄩㄢˊ)) (1046–635 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Lu (六(ㄌㄨˋ)) (1046–622 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Shuliao (舒蓼(ㄕㄨ ㄌㄧㄠˇ)) (1046–601 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Genmou (根牟(ㄍㄣ ㄇㄡˊ)) (1046–600 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Dongyi descent
    • Xun (荀(ㄒㄩㄣˊ)) (1046–7th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shuyong (舒庸(ㄕㄨ ㄩㄥ)) (1046–574 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Shujiu (舒鳩(ㄕㄨ ㄐㄧㄡ)) (1046–548 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Mao (毛(ㄇㄠˊ)) (1046–516 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Pan (番(ㄆㄢ)) (1046–504 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Huaxia descent
    • Dun (頓(ㄉㄨㄣˋ)) (1046–496 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Cao (曹(ㄘㄠˊ)) (1046–487 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Cai (蔡(ㄘㄞˋ)) (1046–447 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Ju (莒(ㄐㄩˇ)) (1046–431 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Dongyi descent
    • Cheng (郕(ㄔㄥˊ)) (1046–408 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xu (許(ㄒㄩˇ)) (1046–375 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Ba (巴(ㄅㄚ)) (1046–316 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Ba descent
    • Teng (滕(ㄊㄥˊ)) (1046–297 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zou (鄒(ㄗㄡ)) (1046–281 BC) – Ruled by the House of Cao (曹) of Huaxia descent
    • Yan (燕(ㄧㄢ)) (1046–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Qi (齊(ㄑㄧˊ)) (1046–221 BC)
      • Jiang Qi (姜齊(ㄐㄧㄤ ㄑㄧˊ)) (1046–386 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
      • Tian Qi (田齊(ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (386–221 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhou (周(ㄓㄡ)) (?–1046 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shao (召(ㄕㄠˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Bi (畢(ㄅㄧˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhou (周(ㄓㄡ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Rong (榮(ㄖㄨㄥˊ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Yong (雍(ㄩㄥ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Rui (芮(ㄖㄨㄟˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
      • Northern Rui (北芮(ㄅㄟˇ ㄖㄨㄟˋ)) (1046–640 BC)
      • Southern Rui (南芮(ㄋㄢˊ ㄖㄨㄟˋ)) (806 BC–?)
    • Han (邗(ㄏㄢˊ)) (1046 BC–?)
    • Ji (冀(ㄐㄧˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Huaxia descent
    • Chunyu (淳于(ㄔㄨㄣˊ ㄩˊ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Gao (郜(ㄍㄠˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Mao (茅(ㄇㄠˊ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shulong (舒龍(ㄕㄨ ㄌㄨㄥˊ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Shugong (舒龔(ㄕㄨ ㄍㄨㄥ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Shubao (舒鮑(ㄕㄨ ㄅㄠˋ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Wan (皖(ㄨㄢˇ)) (1046 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Lu (廬(ㄌㄨˊ)) (1046 BC–?)
    • Chen (陳(ㄔㄣˊ)) (1045–478 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Lu (魯(ㄌㄨˇ)) (1043–249 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Ji (祭(ㄐㄧˋ)) (1040–750 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xing (邢(ㄒㄧㄥˊ)) (1040–635 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiang (江(ㄐㄧㄤ)) (1040–623 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiang (蔣(ㄐㄧㄤˇ)) (1040–617 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shen (沈(ㄕㄣˇ)) (1040–506 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Song (宋(ㄙㄨㄥˋ)) (1040–286 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Wei (衛(ㄨㄟˋ)) (1040–209 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zuo (胙(ㄗㄨㄛˋ)) (1040 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Dan (聃(ㄉㄢ)) (1040 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Pugu (薄姑(ㄆㄨˊ ㄍㄨ)) (?–1039 BC)
    • Jin (晉(ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (1033–376 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
      • Yi (翼(ㄧˋ)) (745–679 BC)
      • Quwo (曲沃(ㄑㄩˇ ㄨㄛˋ)) (745–679 BC)
    • Ying (應(ㄧㄥˋ)) (1030–646 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Chu (楚(ㄔㄨˇ)) (1030–223 BC) – Ruled by the House of Mi (芈) of Huaxia descent
      • Yuezhang (越章(ㄩㄝˋ ㄓㄤ)) (880 BC–?)
      • Later Chu (後楚(ㄏㄡˋ ㄔㄨˇ)) (208–206 BC)
    • Yin (殷(ㄧㄣ)) (1027–1024 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Yang (楊(ㄧㄤˊ)) (1020–677 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Nuo (那(ㄋㄨㄛˊ)) (11th century–704 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Luo (羅(ㄌㄨㄛˊ)) (11th century–690 BC) – Ruled by the House of Mi (芈) of Huaxia descent
    • Jia (賈(ㄐㄧㄚˇ)) (11th century–678 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Hao (郝(ㄏㄠˇ)) (11th century–7th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Feng (風) of Huaxia descent
    • Ji (薊(ㄐㄧˋ)) (11th century–7th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Yiqi (伊祁) of Huaxia descent
    • Lai (賴(ㄌㄞˋ)) (11th century–538 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Wei (韋(ㄨㄟˊ)) (11th century BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Pi (邳(ㄆㄧ)) (11th century BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent
    • Qin (秦(ㄑㄧㄣˊ)) (905–207 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Sui (隨(ㄙㄨㄟˊ)) (10th century BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xie (謝(ㄒㄧㄝˋ)) (?–841 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent
    • Shen (申(ㄕㄣ)) (841 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhan (詹(ㄓㄢ)) (827 BC–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zheng (鄭(ㄓㄥˋ)) (806–375 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Daluo (大駱(ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄨㄛˋ)) (?–9th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Lan (濫(ㄌㄢˋ)) (781–521 BC) – Ruled by the House of Cao (曹) of Huaxia descent
    • Yin (尹(ㄧㄣˇ)) (770–513 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Kuai (鄶(ㄎㄨㄞˋ)) (?–769 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Huaxia descent
    • Liang (梁(ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (768–641 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Hu (胡(ㄏㄨˊ)) (?–763 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Han (韓(ㄏㄢˊ)) (?–757 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Ji (極(ㄐㄧˊ)) (?–721 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xiang (向(ㄒㄧㄤˋ)) (?–721 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Yiqu (義渠(ㄧˋ ㄑㄩˊ)) (720–272 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yiqu (義渠) of Xirong descent
    • Fan (凡(ㄈㄢˊ)) (?–716 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Dai (戴(ㄉㄞˋ)) (?–713 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiao (絞(ㄐㄧㄠˇ)) (?–700 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Gu (穀(ㄍㄨˇ)) (?–8th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhongli (鍾離(ㄓㄨㄥ ㄌㄧˊ)) (8th century–601 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Ni (郳(ㄋㄧˊ)) (8th century–335 BC) – Ruled by the House of Cao (曹) of Huaxia descent
      • Xiaozhu (小邾(ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄓㄨ)) (653–335 BC)
    • Yuyuqiu (於餘邱(ㄩˊ ㄩˊ ㄑㄧㄡ)) (?–692 BC)
    • Ji (紀(ㄐㄧˋ)) (?–690 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Lu (盧(ㄌㄨˊ)) (?–690 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Lesser Guo (小虢(ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–687 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Sui (遂(ㄙㄨㄟˋ)) (?–681 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Xiao (蕭(ㄒㄧㄠ)) (681–597 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Guo (郭(ㄍㄨㄛ)) (?–670 BC)
    • Lirong (驪戎(ㄌㄧˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ)) (?–666 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Xirong descent
    • Zhang (鄣(ㄓㄤ)) (?–664 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Lingzhi (令支(ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄓ)) (?–664 BC)
    • Geng (耿(ㄍㄥˇ)) (?–661 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Wei (魏(ㄨㄟˋ)) (?–661 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Gong (共(ㄍㄨㄥˋ)) (?–660 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Yang (陽(ㄧㄤˊ)) (?–660 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xian (弦(ㄒㄧㄢˊ)) (?–655 BC) – Ruled by the House of Wei (隗) of Huaxia descent
    • Guang (光(ㄍㄨㄤ)) (?–650 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Huang (黃(ㄏㄨㄤˊ)) (?–648 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Xiang (項(ㄒㄧㄤˋ)) (?–643 BC)
    • Bai (柏(ㄅㄞˇ)) (?–640 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Fan (樊(ㄈㄢˊ)) (?–635 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Kui (夔(ㄎㄨㄟˊ)) (?–634 BC) – Ruled by the House of Mi (芈) of Huaxia descent
    • Hua (滑(ㄏㄨㄚˊ)) (?–627 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Liao (蓼(ㄌㄧㄠˇ)) (?–622 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Xuqu (須句(ㄒㄩ ㄑㄩˊ)) (?–620 BC) – Ruled by the House of Feng (風) of Huaxia descent
    • Yu (魚(ㄩˊ)) (?–612 BC) – Ruled by the House of Er (兒) of Huaxia descent
    • Yong (庸(ㄩㄥ)) (?–611 BC)
    • Jun (麇(ㄐㄩㄣ)) (?–611 BC)
    • Li (黎(ㄌㄧˊ)) (?–604 BC) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Huaxia descent and the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Lushi (潞氏(ㄌㄨˋ ㄕˋ)) (604–594 BC) – Ruled by the House of Wei (隗) of Chidi descent
    • Western Huang (西黃(ㄒㄧ ㄏㄨㄤˊ)) (?–7th century BC)
    • Liu (劉(ㄌㄧㄡˊ)) (592–488 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Qianggaoru (廧咎如(ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄍㄠ ㄖㄨˊ)) (?–588 BC) – Ruled by the House of Wei (隗) of Chidi descent
    • Zhuan (鄟(ㄓㄨㄢ)) (?–585 BC)
    • Zeng (鄫(ㄗㄥ)) (?–567 BC) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Lai (萊(ㄌㄞˊ)) (?–567 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Dongyi descent
    • Biyang (偪陽(ㄅㄧ ㄧㄤˊ)) (?–563 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Huaxia descent
    • Wangshu (王叔(ㄨㄤˊ ㄕㄨ)) (?–563 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Shi (邿(ㄕ)) (?–560 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ren (妊) of Huaxia descent
    • Yin (陰(ㄧㄣ)) (?–532 BC)
    • Fei (肥(ㄈㄟˊ)) (?–530 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Baidi descent
    • Fang (房(ㄈㄤˊ)) (?–529 BC) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhoulai (州來(ㄓㄡ ㄌㄞˊ)) (?–529 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Yang (養(ㄧㄤˇ)) (?–528 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Gu (鼓(ㄍㄨˇ)) (?–520 BC) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Baidi descent
    • Chao (巢(ㄔㄠˊ)) (?–518 BC) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Gong (鞏(ㄍㄨㄥˇ)) (?–516 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xu (徐(ㄒㄩˊ)) (?–512 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhongshan (中山(ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄢ)) (507–406 BC, 380–296 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Beidi descent
    • Xianyu (鮮虞(ㄒㄧㄢ ㄩˊ)) (?–506 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Beidi descent
    • Tang (唐(ㄊㄤˊ)) (?–505 BC) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Huaxia descent
    • Hu (胡(ㄏㄨˊ)) (?–496 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (歸) of Huaxia descent
    • Gumie (姑蔑(ㄍㄨ ㄇㄧㄝˋ)) (?–480 BC)
    • Zhongwu (鍾吾(ㄓㄨㄥ ㄨˊ)) (?–471 BC)
    • Western Zhou (西周(ㄒㄧ ㄓㄡ)) (440–256 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Tan (郯(ㄊㄢˊ)) (?–414 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Huaxia descent
    • Han (韓(ㄏㄢˊ)) (403–230 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Wei (魏(ㄨㄟˋ)) (403–225 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhao (趙(ㄓㄠˋ)) (403–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Zeng (曾(ㄗㄥ)) (?–5th century BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Chouyou (仇由(ㄔㄡˊ ㄧㄡˊ)) (?–5th century BC)
    • Mianzhu (緜諸(ㄇㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄨ)) (?–395 BC)
    • Ju (苴(ㄐㄩ)) (368–316 BC)
    • Eastern Zhou (東周(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄓㄡ)) (367–249 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Xue (薛(ㄒㄩㄝ)) (?–298 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent and the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Dai (代(ㄉㄞˋ)) (228–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Shangfang (商方(ㄕㄤ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Zifang (子方(ㄗˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Tufang (土方(ㄊㄨˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Hongfang (𢀛方(ㄏㄨㄥ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Guifang (鬼方(ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Kufang (苦方(ㄎㄨˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Longfang (龍方(ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Mafang (馬方(ㄇㄚˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Shufang (蜀方(ㄕㄨˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yufang (盂方(ㄩˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Eastern Yufang (東盂方(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄩˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Western Yufang (西盂方(ㄒㄧ ㄩˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Qiangfang (羌方(ㄑㄧㄤ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zhafang (𠭯方(ㄓㄚ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Peifang (轡方(ㄆㄟˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Erbangfang (二邦方(ㄦˋ ㄅㄤ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Renfang (人方(ㄖㄣˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Tangfang (唐方(ㄊㄤˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Linfang (林方(ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Xingfang (興方(ㄒㄧㄥ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Shifang (豕方(ㄕˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Weifang (危方(ㄨㄟ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Pangfang (旁方(ㄆㄤˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Gefang (戈方(ㄍㄜ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Mufang (木方(ㄇㄨˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zhoufang (宙方(ㄓㄡˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Genfang (亙方(ㄍㄣˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Jifang (基方(ㄐㄧ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yafang (亞方(ㄧㄚˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Shifang (示方(ㄕˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zhaofang (召方(ㄓㄠˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Jianfang (湔方(ㄐㄧㄢ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yinfang (印方(ㄧㄣˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Jifang (祭方(ㄐㄧˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Hufang (虎方(ㄏㄨˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Weifang (微方(ㄨㄟ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Bufang (步方(ㄅㄨˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Xifang (息方(ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Diefang (眣方(ㄉㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zhifang (止方(ㄓˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yinfang (尹方(ㄧㄣˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zengfang (曾方(ㄗㄥ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Zhufang (祝方(ㄓㄨˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Nongfang (弄方(ㄋㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Chuifang (吹方(ㄔㄨㄟ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Chefang (屮方(ㄔㄜˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Quefang (雀方(ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Shifang (矢方(ㄕˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yufang (鬱方(ㄩˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Xiufang (羞方(ㄒㄧㄡ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Beifang (貝方(ㄅㄟˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Cangfang (倉方(ㄘㄤ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Yangfang (昜方(ㄧㄤˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Foufang (缶方(ㄈㄡˇ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Pengfang (彭方(ㄆㄥˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Songfang (宋方(ㄙㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Danfang (丹方(ㄉㄢ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Xiangfang (絴方(ㄒㄧㄤˊ ㄈㄤ)) (?–?)
    • Youmin-shi (有緡氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yao (姚) of Huaxia descent
    • Youshi-shi (有施氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄕ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Zhenxun-shi (斟鄩氏(ㄓㄣ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Youhu-shi (有扈氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄏㄨˋ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Younan-shi (有男氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄋㄢˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Tongcheng-shi (彤城氏(ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄥˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhenguan-shi (斟灌氏(ㄓㄣ ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Youxin-shi (有莘氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Bao-shi (褒氏(ㄅㄠ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Fei-shi (費氏(ㄈㄟˋ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Qi-shi (杞氏(ㄑㄧˇ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Zeng-shi (繒氏(ㄗㄥ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Xin-shi (辛氏(ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Ming-shi (冥氏(ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Ge-shi (戈氏(ㄍㄜ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Youqiong-shi (有窮氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Youge-shi (有鬲氏(ㄧㄡˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?)
    • Boming-shi (伯明氏(ㄅㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄕˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Dongyi descent
    • Ji (及(ㄐㄧˊ)) (?–?)
    • Ji (及(ㄐㄧˊ)) (?–?)
    • You (攸(ㄧㄡ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
    • Ji (及(ㄐㄧˊ)) (?–?)
    • Shen (侁(ㄕㄣ)) (?–?)
    • Gao (告(ㄍㄠˋ)) (?–?)
    • Er (耳(ㄦˇ)) (?–?)
    • Feng (逢(ㄈㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Bao (暴(ㄅㄠˋ)) (?–?)
    • Shu (黍(ㄕㄨˇ)) (?–?)
    • Zhu (竹(ㄓㄨˊ)) (?–?)
    • Dun (盾(ㄉㄨㄣˋ)) (?–?)
    • Tui (魋(ㄊㄨㄟˊ)) (?–?)
    • Ke (可(ㄎㄜˇ)) (?–?)
    • Chou (醜(ㄔㄡˇ)) (?–?)
    • Gu (雇(ㄍㄨˋ)) (?–?)
    • Er (兒(ㄦˊ)) (?–?)
    • Mao (髳(ㄇㄠˊ)) (?–?)
    • Feng (豐(ㄈㄥ)) (?–?)
    • He (禾(ㄏㄜˊ)) (?–?)
    • Bing (丙(ㄅㄧㄥˇ)) (?–?)
    • Xian (先(ㄒㄧㄢ)) (?–?)
    • Hao (鎬(ㄏㄠˋ)) (?–?)
    • Li (酈(ㄌㄧˋ)) (?–?)
    • Nuo (郍(ㄋㄨㄛˊ)) (?–?)
    • Gu (顧(ㄍㄨˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Huaxia descent
    • Lu (鹿(ㄌㄨˋ)) (?–?)
    • Jian (戔(ㄐㄧㄢ)) (?–?)
    • Quanrong (犬戎(ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄖㄨㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Jiangrong (姜戎(ㄐㄧㄤ ㄖㄨㄥˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Xirong descent
    • Lu (鹿(ㄌㄨˋ)) (?–?)
    • Jiuyuan (九苑(ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄩㄢˋ)) (?–?)
    • Shangsi (上絲(ㄕㄤˋ ㄙ)) (?–?)
    • Xiawei (下危(ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄨㄟ)) (?–?)
    • Northern Qi (北齊(ㄅㄟˇ ㄑㄧˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhi (沚(ㄓˇ)) (?–?)
    • Lü (呂(ㄌㄩˇ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Southern Yan (南燕(ㄋㄢˊ ㄧㄢ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Ge (葛(ㄍㄜˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Shan (單(ㄕㄢˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Gan (甘(ㄍㄢ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Bi (偪(ㄅㄧ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姞) of Huaxia descent
    • Mi (密(ㄇㄧˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Yu (邘(ㄩˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Du (杜(ㄉㄨˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Qi (祁) of Huaxia descent
    • Bulang (不羹(ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄤˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
      • Eastern Bulang (東不羹(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄤˊ)) (?–?)
      • Western Bulang (西不羹(ㄒㄧ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄤˊ)) (?–?)
    • Dao (道(ㄉㄠˋ)) (?–?)
    • Chong (崇(ㄔㄨㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Di (翟(ㄉㄧˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Kui (隗) of Chidi descent
    • Ji (㠱(ㄐㄧˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Yan (鄢(ㄧㄢ)) (?–?)
    • Chou (疇(ㄔㄡˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent
    • Shen (沈(ㄕㄣˇ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Si (姒(ㄙˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Ru (蓐(ㄖㄨˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Huang (黃(ㄏㄨㄤˊ)) (?–?)
    • Peng (倗(ㄆㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Guan (貫(ㄍㄨㄢˋ)) (?–?)
    • Jiafu (甲父(ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄈㄨˋ)) (?–?)
    • Zhu (鑄(ㄓㄨˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ren (妊) of Huaxia descent
    • Ba (霸(ㄅㄚˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Kui (媿) of Huaxia descent
    • Nie (聶(ㄋㄧㄝˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Yu (鄅(ㄩˇ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Huaxia descent
    • Jue (厥(ㄐㄩㄝˊ)) (?–?)
    • Ren (任(ㄖㄣˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Feng (風) of Huaxia descent
    • Mou (牟(ㄇㄡˊ)) (?–?)
    • Guan (觀(ㄍㄨㄢ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yao (姚) of Huaxia descent
    • Han (寒(ㄏㄢˊ)) (?–?)
    • Zong (鬷(ㄗㄨㄥ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Dong (董) of Huaxia descent
    • Yan (奄(ㄧㄢˇ)) (?–?)
    • Pang (逄(ㄆㄤˊ)) (?–?)
    • Yi (夷(ㄧˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Huaxia descent
    • Quegong (闕鞏(ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄥˇ)) (?–?)
    • Zhuanyu (顓臾(ㄓㄨㄢ ㄩˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Feng (風) of Huaxia descent
    • Fei (費(ㄈㄟˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (季) of Huaxia descent
    • Ruo (鄀(ㄖㄨㄛˋ)) (?–?)
      • Lower Ruo (下鄀(ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄖㄨㄛˋ)) (?–622 BC)
      • Upper Ruo (上鄀(ㄕㄤˋ ㄖㄨㄛˋ)) (622 BC–?)
    • Zhi (摯(ㄓˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent
    • Zhu (諸(ㄓㄨ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
    • Jie (介(ㄐㄧㄝˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yun (妘) of Dongyi descent
    • Kan (闞(ㄎㄢˋ)) (?–?)
    • You (鄾(ㄧㄡ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Man (曼) of Huaxia descent
    • Zong (宗(ㄗㄨㄥ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Guo (過(ㄎㄢˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Huaxia descent
    • Rong of Ji clan (己姓之戎(ㄐㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄓ ㄖㄨㄥˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ji (己) of Xirong descent
    • Zhen (軫(ㄓㄣˇ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Yun (鄖(ㄩㄣˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
    • Dai (代(ㄉㄞˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Beidi descent
    • Fengfu (封父(ㄈㄥ ㄈㄨˋ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
    • Anling (安陵(ㄢ ㄌㄧㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Mie (蔑(ㄇㄧㄝˋ)) (?–?)
    • Er (貳(ㄦˋ)) (?–?)
    • Zhou (州(ㄓㄡ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Tong (桐(ㄊㄨㄥˊ)) (?–?) – Ruled by the House of Yan (偃) of Huaxia descent
    • Peng (彭(ㄆㄥˊ)) (?–?)
    • Wuzhong (無終(ㄨˊ ㄓㄨㄥ)) (?–?)
  • Qin dynasty (秦朝(ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (221–207 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (嬴) of Huaxia descent
  • Zhang Chu (張楚(ㄓㄤ ㄔㄨˇ)) (209–208 BC) – Ruled by the House of Chen (陳) of Huaxia descent
  • Xiongnu confederation (匈奴(ㄒㄩㄥ ㄋㄨˊ)) (209 BC–AD 48) – Ruled by the House of Luandi (攣鞮) of Xiongnu descent
  • Western Chu (西楚(ㄒㄧ ㄔㄨˇ)) (206–202 BC) – Ruled by the House of Mi (芈) of Huaxia descent
  • Eighteen Kingdoms (十八國(ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (206–200 BC)
    • Sai (塞(ㄙㄞˋ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Sima (司馬) of Huaxia descent
    • Di (翟(ㄉㄧˊ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Dong (董) of Huaxia descent
    • Liaodong (遼東(ㄌㄧㄠˊ ㄉㄨㄥ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Han (韓) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiaodong (膠東(ㄐㄧㄠ ㄉㄨㄥ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Qi (齊(ㄑㄧˊ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Jibei (濟北(ㄐㄧˋ ㄅㄟˇ)) (206 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gui (媯) of Huaxia descent
    • Yong (雍(ㄩㄥ)) (206–205 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (章) of Huaxia descent
    • Western Wei (西魏(ㄒㄧ ㄨㄟˋ)) (206–205 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
    • Henan (河南(ㄏㄜˊ ㄋㄢˊ)) (206–205 BC) – Ruled by the House of Shen (申) of Huaxia descent
    • Yin (殷(ㄧㄣ)) (206–205 BC) – Ruled by the House of Sima (司馬) of Huaxia descent
    • Changshan (常山(ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄢ)) (206–205 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Huaxia descent
    • Dai (代(ㄉㄞˋ)) (206–205 BC)
    • Linjiang (臨江(ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄤ)) (206–203 BC) – Ruled by the House of Gong (共) of Huaxia descent
    • Jiujiang (九江(ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄤ)) (206–203 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (英) of Huaxia descent
    • Han (漢(ㄏㄢˋ)) (206–202 BC) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Huaxia descent
    • Hengshan (衡山(ㄏㄥˊ ㄕㄢ)) (206–202 BC) – Ruled by the House of Wu (吳) of Huaxia descent
    • Yan (燕(ㄧㄢ)) (206–202 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zang (臧) of Huaxia descent
    • Han (韓(ㄏㄢˊ)) (206–200 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent and the House of Zheng (鄭) of Huaxia descent
  • Nanyue (南越(ㄋㄢˊ ㄩㄝˋ)) (204–111 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (趙) of Huaxia descent
  • Han dynasty (漢朝(ㄏㄢˋ ㄔㄠˊ)) (202 BC–AD 9, AD 23–220) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
    • Western Han (西漢(ㄒㄧ ㄏㄢˋ)) (202 BC–AD 9)
    • Xuan Han (玄漢(ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 23–25)
    • Chimei Han (赤眉漢(ㄔˋ ㄇㄟˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 25–27)
    • Eastern Han (東漢(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 25–220)
  • Yelang (夜郎(ㄧㄝˋ ㄌㄤˊ)) (3rd century–27 BC)
  • Shule (疏勒(ㄕㄨ ㄌㄜˋ)) (200 BC–AD 790)
  • Nanhai (南海(ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄞˇ)) (195–174 BC)
  • Weiman Chaoxian (衛滿朝鮮(ㄨㄟˋ ㄇㄢˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ)) (194–108 BC) – Ruled by the House of Wei (衛)
  • Dong'ou (東甌(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄡ)) (191–138 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zou (騶)
  • Loulan (樓蘭(ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄢˊ)) (176–77 BC)
    • Shanshan (鄯善(ㄕㄢˋ ㄕㄢˋ)) (77 BC–AD 448)
  • Yarlung dynasty (雅魯王朝(ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (127 BC–AD 618) – Ruled by the House of Xibuye (悉補野) of Tibetan descent
  • Wusun (烏孫(ㄨ ㄙㄨㄣ)) (117 BC–?)
  • Gouding (句町(ㄍㄡ ㄉㄧㄥ)) (111 BC–AD 316)
  • Kucha (龜茲(ㄑㄧㄡ ㄘˊ)) (72 BC–AD 788)
  • Jushi (車師(ㄐㄩ ㄕ)) (71 BC–AD 508)
    • Nearer Jushi (車師前國(ㄐㄩ ㄕ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (71 BC–AD 508)
    • Further Jushi (車師後國(ㄐㄩ ㄕ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (67 BC–AD 170)
  • Suoju (莎車(ㄙㄨㄛ ㄐㄩ)) (66 BC–AD 89)
  • Gaogouli (高句麗(ㄍㄠ ㄍㄡ ㄌㄧˊ)) (37 BC–AD 668) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Yemaek descent
  • Xin dynasty (新朝(ㄒㄧㄣ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 9–23) – Interrupted the Han dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han descent
  • Chengjia (成家(ㄔㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ)) (AD 25–36) – Ruled by the House of Gongsun (公孫) of Han descent
  • Kingdom of Khotan (于闐(ㄩˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ)) (AD 56–1006) – Ruled by the House of Yuchi (尉遲) of Saka descent
  • Yanqi (焉耆(ㄧㄢ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 58–792) – Ruled by the House of Long (龍)
  • Xianbei state (鮮卑(ㄒㄧㄢ ㄅㄟ)) (AD 93–234)
  • Zhongjia (仲家(ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ)) (AD 197–199) – Ruled by the House of Yuan (袁) of Han descent
  • Three Kingdoms (三國(ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 220–280)
    • Cao Wei (曹魏(ㄘㄠˊ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 220–266) – Ruled by the House of Cao (曹) of Han descent
    • Shu Han (蜀漢(ㄕㄨˇ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 221–263) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
    • Eastern Wu (東吳(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄨˊ)) (AD 222–280) – Ruled by the House of Sun (孫) of Han descent
  • Yan (燕(ㄧㄢ)) (AD 237–238) – Ruled by the House of Gongsun (公孫) of Han descent
  • Jin dynasty (晉朝(ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 266–420) – Ruled by the House of Sima (司馬) of Han descent
    • Western Jin (西晉(ㄒㄧ ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (AD 266–316)
    • Eastern Jin (東晉(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (AD 317–420)
  • Tuyuhun (吐谷渾(ㄊㄨˇ ㄩˋ ㄏㄨㄣˊ)) (AD 284–670) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
  • Chouchi (仇池(ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ)) (AD 296–371, AD 385–442, AD 443–477, AD 478–580) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Di descent
    • Former Chouchi (前仇池(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ)) (AD 296–371)
    • Later Chouchi (後仇池(ㄏㄡˋ ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ)) (AD 385–442)
    • Wudu Kingdom (武都國(ㄨˇ ㄉㄨ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 443–477)
    • Wuxing Kingdom (武興國(ㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 478–506, AD 529–553)
    • Yinping Kingdom (陰平國(ㄧㄣ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 479–580)
  • Mu'ege (慕俄格(ㄇㄨˋ ㄝˊ ㄍㄜˊ)) (AD 300–1698) – Ruled by the House of An (安) of Yi descent
    • Chiefdom of Shuixi (水西土司(ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄒㄧ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1279–1698)
  • Sixteen Kingdoms (十六國(ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 304–439)
    • Han Zhao (漢趙(ㄏㄢˋ ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 304–329) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Xiongnu descent
      • Northern Han (北漢(ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 304–319)
      • Former Zhao (前趙(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 319–329)
    • Cheng Han (成漢(ㄔㄥˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 304–347) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Di descent
      • Cheng (成(ㄔㄥˊ)) (AD 304–338)
      • Han (漢(ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 338–347)
    • Later Zhao (後趙(ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 319–351) – Ruled by the House of Shi (石) of Jie descent
      • Wei (衛(ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 350)
    • Former Liang (前涼(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 320–376) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Han descent
    • Former Yan (前燕(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 337–370) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
    • Former Qin (前秦(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ)) (AD 351–394) – Ruled by the House of Fu (苻) of Di descent
    • Later Yan (後燕(ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 384–409) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
    • Later Qin (後秦(ㄏㄡˋ ㄑㄧㄣˊ)) (AD 384–417) – Ruled by the House of Yao (姚) of Qiang descent
    • Western Qin (西秦(ㄒㄧ ㄑㄧㄣˊ)) (AD 385–400, AD 409–431) – Ruled by the House of Qifu (乞伏) of Xianbei descent
    • Later Liang (後涼(ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 386–403) – Ruled by the House of Lü (呂) of Di descent
    • Southern Liang (南涼(ㄋㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 397–414) – Ruled by the House of Tufa (禿髮) of Xianbei descent
    • Northern Liang (北涼(ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 397–439) – Ruled by the House of Juqu (沮渠) of Lushuihu descent
      • Northern Liang of Gaochang (高昌北涼(ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 442–460)
    • Southern Yan (南燕(ㄋㄢˊ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 398–410) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
    • Western Liang (西涼(ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 400–421) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
      • Later Western Liang (後西涼(ㄏㄡˋ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 422–442)
    • Hu Xia (胡夏(ㄏㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ)) (AD 407–431) – Ruled by the House of Helian (赫連) of Xiongnu descent
    • Northern Yan (北燕(ㄅㄟˇ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 407–436) – Ruled by the House of Feng (馮) of Han descent
  • Dai (代(ㄉㄞˋ)) (AD 310–376) – Ruled by the House of Tuoba (拓拔) of Xianbei descent
  • Liaoxi (遼西(ㄌㄧㄠˊ ㄒㄧ)) (AD 313–338) – Ruled by the House of Duan (段) of Xianbei descent
  • Rouran Khaganate (柔然(ㄖㄡˊ ㄖㄢˊ)) (AD 330–555) – Ruled by the House of Yujiulü (郁久閭)
  • Cuan-shi (爨氏(ㄘㄨㄢˋ ㄕˋ)) (AD 330–580) – Ruled by the House of Cuan (爨) of Cuanman descent
    • Western Cuan (西爨(ㄒㄧ ㄘㄨㄢˋ)) (AD 580–786)
    • Eastern Cuan (東爨(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄘㄨㄢˋ)) (AD 672–748)
  • Ran Wei (冉魏(ㄖㄢˇ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 350–352) – Ruled by the House of Ran (冉) of Han descent
  • Duan Qi (段齊(ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 350–356) – Ruled by the House of Duan (段) of Xianbei descent
  • Western Yan (西燕(ㄒㄧ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 384–394) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
  • Xianyu Zhao (鮮于趙(ㄒㄧㄢ ㄩˊ ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 385) – Ruled by the House of Xianyu (鮮于)
  • Northern and Southern dynasties (南北朝(ㄋㄢˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 386–589)
    • Northern dynasties (北朝(ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 386–581)
      • Northern Wei (北魏(ㄅㄟˇ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 386–535) – Ruled by the House of Tuoba (拓跋) of Xianbei descent
        • Eastern Wei (東魏(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 534–550)
        • Western Wei (西魏(ㄒㄧ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 535–557)
      • Northern Qi (北齊(ㄅㄟˇ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 550–577) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Han descent
      • Northern Zhou (北周(ㄅㄟˇ ㄓㄡ)) (AD 557–581) – Ruled by the House of Yuwen (宇文) of Xianbei descent
    • Southern dynasties (南朝(ㄋㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 420–589)
      • Liu Song (劉宋(ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ)) (AD 420–479) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
      • Southern Qi (南齊(ㄋㄢˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 479–502) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (蕭) of Han descent
      • Liang dynasty (梁朝(ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 502–557) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (蕭) of Han descent
      • Chen dynasty (陳朝(ㄔㄣˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 557–589) – Ruled by the House of Chen (陳) of Han descent
  • Zhai Wei (翟魏(ㄓㄞˊ ㄨㄟˋ)) (AD 388–392) – Ruled by the House of Zhai (翟) of Dingling descent
  • Huan Chu (桓楚(ㄏㄨㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 403–404) – Ruled by the House of Huan (桓) of Han descent
  • Western Shu (西蜀(ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨˇ)) (AD 405–413) – Ruled by the House of Qiao (譙) of Han descent
  • Northern Jin (北晉(ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (AD 414–415) – Ruled by the House of Sima (司馬)
  • Dengzhi (鄧至(ㄉㄥˋ ㄓˋ)) (AD 430–554) – Ruled by the House of Xiang (像) of Qiang descent
  • Gaochang (高昌(ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ)) (AD 460–640)
    • Kan-shi of Gaochang (闞氏高昌(ㄎㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ)) (AD 460–488) – Ruled by the House of Kan (闞)
    • Zhang-shi of Gaochang (張氏高昌(ㄓㄤ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ)) (AD 488–496) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Han descent
    • Ma-shi of Gaochang (馬氏高昌(ㄇㄚˇ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ)) (AD 496–501) – Ruled by the House of Ma (馬)
    • Qu-shi of Gaochang (麴氏高昌(ㄑㄩ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ)) (AD 501–640) – Ruled by the House of Qu (麴) of Han descent
  • Gaoche (高車(ㄍㄠ ㄔㄜ)) (AD 487–541) – Ruled by the House of Fufuluo (副伏羅) of Tiele descent
  • Hou Han (侯漢(ㄏㄡˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 551–552) – Ruled by the House of Hou (侯) of Jie descent
  • First Turkic Khaganate (突厥汗國(ㄊㄨ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 552–581) – Ruled by the House of Ashina (阿史那) of Göktürk descent
  • Mong Mao (勐卯(ㄇㄥˇ ㄇㄠˇ)) (AD 560–1604) – Ruled by the House of Si (思) of Dai descent
  • Tanchang (宕昌(ㄊㄢˋ ㄔㄤ)) (?–AD 564) – Ruled by the House of Liang (梁) of Qiang descent
  • Sui dynasty (隋朝(ㄙㄨㄟˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 581–619) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Han descent
  • Chiefdom of Sizhou (思州土司(ㄙ ㄓㄡ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 582–1413) – Ruled by the House of Tian (田)
    • Chiefdom of Sinan (思南土司(ㄙ ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1364–1414)
  • Xueyantuo (薛延陀(ㄒㄩㄝ ㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 605–646) – Ruled by the House of Yilidie (一利咥) of Xueyantuo descent
  • Lin Chu (林楚(ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 616–622) – Ruled by the House of Lin (林) of Han descent
  • Xia (夏(ㄒㄧㄚˋ)) (AD 617–621) – Ruled by the House of Dou (竇) of Han descent
  • Later Western Liang (後西梁(ㄏㄡˋ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 617–621) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (蕭) of Han descent
  • Liang (梁(ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 617–628) – Ruled by the House of Liang (梁) of Han descent
  • Liang (涼(ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 618–619) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
  • Xu (許(ㄒㄩˇ)) (AD 618–619) – Ruled by the House of Yuwen (宇文) of Xiongnu descent
  • Tibetan Empire (吐蕃(ㄊㄨˇ ㄅㄛ)) (AD 618–842) – Ruled by the House of Xibuye (悉補野) of Tibetan descent
  • Tang dynasty (唐朝(ㄊㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 618–690, AD 705–907) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
    • Wu Zhou (武周(ㄨˇ ㄓㄡ)) (AD 690–705) – Interrupted the Tang dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wu (武) of Han descent
  • Zheng (鄭(ㄓㄥˋ)) (AD 619–621) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王)
  • Wu (吳(ㄨˊ)) (AD 619–621) – Ruled by the House of Li (李)
  • Later Sui (後隋(ㄏㄡˋ ㄙㄨㄟˊ)) (AD 620–630) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Han descent
  • Second Turkic Khaganate (後突厥(ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄨ ㄐㄩㄝˊ)) (AD 682–745) – Ruled by the House of Ashina (阿史那) of Göktürk descent
  • Bohai (渤海(ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ)) (AD 698–926) – Ruled by the House of Da (大) of Mohe descent
  • Türgesh Khaganate (突騎施汗國(ㄊㄨ ㄑㄧˊ ㄕ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 699–766)
  • Little Gaogouli (小高句麗(ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄍㄠ ㄍㄡ ㄌㄧˊ)) (AD 699–820) – Hypothesized
  • Uyghur Khaganate (回鶻汗國(ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 744–840) – Ruled by the House of Yaglakar (藥羅葛) of Uyghur descent and the House of Ädiz (阿跌) of Tiele descent
  • Yan (燕(ㄧㄢ)) (AD 756–763)
    • Former Yan (前燕(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 756–759) – Ruled by the House of An (安) of Sogdian descent
    • Later Yan (後燕(ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄢ)) (AD 759–763) – Ruled by the House of Shi (史) of Göktürk descent
  • Karluk Yabghu (葛邏祿葉護國(ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄧㄝˋ ㄏㄨˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 756–840)
  • Ji (冀(ㄐㄧˋ)) (AD 782–784) – Ruled by the House of Zhu (朱) of Han descent
  • Chu (楚(ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 784–786) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
  • Six Zhao (六詔(ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 794)
    • Mengsui Zhao (蒙巂詔(ㄇㄥˇ ㄙㄨㄟˇ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 730)
    • Mengshe Zhao (蒙舍詔(ㄇㄥˇ ㄕㄜˇ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 738) – Ruled by the House of Meng (蒙) of Wuman descent
      • Nanzhao (南詔(ㄋㄢˊ ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 738–902)
        • Dali (大禮(ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 860–877)
        • Dafengmin (大封民(ㄉㄚˋ ㄈㄥ ㄇㄧㄣˊ)) (AD 878–902)
    • Yuexi Zhao (越析詔(ㄩㄝˋ ㄒㄧ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 747)
    • Shilang Zhao (施浪詔(ㄕ ㄌㄤˋ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 794)
    • Langqiong Zhao (浪穹詔(ㄌㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 794)
    • Dengtan Zhao (邆賧詔(ㄉㄥ ㄊㄢˋ ㄓㄠˋ)) (?–AD 794)
  • Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate (黠戛斯汗國(ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄚˊ ㄙ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 840–1207)
  • Kara-Khanid Khanate (喀喇汗國(ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 840–1212)
    • Eastern Kara-Khanid (東喀喇汗國(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1032–1210)
    • Western Kara-Khanid (西喀喇汗國(ㄒㄧ ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1041–1212)
  • Qocho (高昌回鶻(ㄍㄠ ㄔㄤ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ)) (AD 843–1360)
  • Chiefdom of Bozhou (播州土司(ㄅㄛ ㄓㄡ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 876–1600) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Yi descent
  • Era of Fragmentation (吐蕃分裂時期(ㄊㄨˇ ㄅㄛ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄕˊ ㄑㄧ)) (AD 877–1264)
    • Lhachen dynasty (拉达克王系(ㄌㄚ ㄉㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (AD 930–1470)
    • Guge dynasty (古格王系(ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (AD 967–1635)
      • Purang-Guge Kingdom (普蘭-古格王國(ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–?)
    • Yatse dynasty (亞澤王系(ㄧㄚˋ ㄗㄜˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (AD 12th century–1801)
    • Lhasa dynasty (拉薩王系(ㄌㄚ ㄙㄚˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (?–?)
    • Yarlung dynasty (雅隆覺阿王系(ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄚ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (?–?)
    • Puhrang dynasty (普蘭王系(ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄢˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (?–?)
    • Gungthang dynasty (貢塘王系(ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄤˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄧˋ)) (?–?)
    • Lhagyari dynasty (拉加里王朝(ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (?–?)
  • Huang Qi (黃齊(ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 881–884) – Ruled by the House of Huang (黃) of Han descent
  • Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom (甘州回鶻(ㄍㄢ ㄓㄡ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ)) (AD 894–1036) – Ruled by the House of Yaglakar (藥羅葛) of Uyghur descent
  • Qi (岐(ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 901–924) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
  • Later Three Dynasties of Yunnan (雲南後三朝(ㄩㄣˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄡˋ ㄙㄢ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 902–937)
    • Dachanghe (大長和(ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ)) (AD 902–928) – Ruled by the House of Zheng (鄭) of Han descent
    • Datianxing (大天興(ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄥ)) (AD 928–929) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (趙)
    • Dayining (大義寧(ㄉㄚˋ ㄧˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ)) (AD 929–937) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Han descent
  • Liugubu (六谷部(ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄅㄨˋ)) (AD 906–1016)
  • Zhao (趙(ㄓㄠˋ)) (AD 907–921) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han descent
  • Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (五代十國(ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 907–979)
    • Five Dynasties (五代(ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ)) (AD 907–960)
      • Later Liang (後梁(ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 907–923) – Ruled by the House of Zhu (朱) of Han descent
      • Later Tang (後唐(ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄤˊ)) (AD 923–937) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Shatuo descent
        • Former Jin (前晉(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (AD 907–923)
        • Li Liang (李梁(ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ)) (AD 946–947)
      • Later Jin (後晉(ㄏㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ)) (AD 936–947) – Ruled by the House of Shi (石) of Shatuo descent
      • Later Han (後漢(ㄏㄡˋ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 947–951) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Shatuo descent
      • Later Zhou (後周(ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄡ)) (AD 951–960) – Ruled by the House of Guo (郭) of Han descent
    • Ten Kingdoms (十國(ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 907–979)
      • Former Shu (前蜀(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨˇ)) (AD 907–925) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han descent
      • Yang Wu (楊吳(ㄧㄤˊ ㄨˊ)) (AD 907–937) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Han descent
      • Ma Chu (馬楚(ㄇㄚˇ ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 907–951) – Ruled by the House of Ma (馬) of Han descent
      • Wuyue (吳越(ㄨˊ ㄩㄝˋ)) (AD 907–978) – Ruled by the House of Qian (錢) of Han descent
      • Min (閩(ㄇㄧㄣˇ)) (AD 909–945) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han descent
        • Yin (殷(ㄧㄣ)) (AD 943–945)
      • Southern Han (南漢(ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 917–971) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
        • Yue (越(ㄩㄝˋ)) (AD 917)
      • Jingnan (荊南(ㄐㄧㄥ ㄋㄢˊ)) (AD 924–963) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Han descent
      • Later Shu (後蜀(ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨˇ)) (AD 934–965) – Ruled by the House of Meng (孟) of Han descent
      • Southern Tang (南唐(ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄤˊ)) (AD 937–976) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
        • Xu Qi (徐齊(ㄒㄩˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 937–939)
        • Jiangnan (江南(ㄐㄧㄤ ㄋㄢˊ)) (AD 971–976)
      • Northern Han (北漢(ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 951–979) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Shatuo descent
  • Beiping (北平(ㄅㄟˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ)) (AD 909–929) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han descent
  • Yan (燕(ㄧㄢ)) (AD 911–913) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
  • Liao dynasty (遼朝(ㄌㄧㄠˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 916–1125) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
    • Northern Liao (北遼(ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1122–1123)
    • Northwestern Liao (西北遼(ㄒㄧ ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1123)
    • Western Liao (西遼(ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1124–1218)
  • Dongdan Kingdom (東丹(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄉㄢ)) (AD 926–936) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
  • Later Bohai (後渤海(ㄏㄡˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ)) (AD 928–976) – Ruled by the House of Da (大) of Mohe descent
  • Dali Kingdom (大理(ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 937–1094, AD 1096–1253) – Ruled by the House of Duan (段) of Baiman descent
    • Former Dali (前大理(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 937–1094)
    • Later Dali (後大理(ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 1096–1253)
  • Ding'an (定安(ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄢ)) (AD 938–986) – Ruled by the House of Lie (烈) and the House of Wu (烏)
  • Song dynasty (宋朝(ㄙㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 960–1279) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (趙) of Han descent
    • Northern Song (北宋(ㄅㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ)) (AD 960–1127)
    • Southern Song (南宋(ㄋㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ)) (AD 1127–1279)
  • Chiefdom of Shuidong (水東土司(ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 975–1630) – Ruled by the House of Song (宋)
  • Restored Bohai (再興渤海(ㄗㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ)) (AD 979–1018) – Ruled by the House of Da (大) of Mohe descent
  • Li Shu (李蜀(ㄌㄧˇ ㄕㄨˇ)) (AD 994) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han descent
  • Wure (兀惹(ㄨˋ ㄖㄜˇ)) (AD 995–996) – Ruled by the House of Wu (烏)
  • Xingliao (興遼(ㄒㄧㄥ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1029–1030) – Ruled by the House of Da (大) of Mohe descent
  • Changqi (長其(ㄔㄤˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 1029–1055) – Ruled by the House of Nong (儂) of Zhuang descent
    • Dali (大歷(ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ)) (AD 1041–1045)
    • Nantian (南天(ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄧㄢ)) (AD 1045–1052)
    • Danan (大南(ㄉㄚˋ ㄋㄢˊ)) (AD 1052–1055)
  • Tsongkha (唃廝囉國(ㄍㄨ ㄙ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1032–1104)
  • Western Xia (西夏(ㄒㄧ ㄒㄧㄚˋ)) (AD 1038–1227) – Ruled by the House of Weiming (嵬名) of Tangut descent
  • Luoshi Kingdom (羅氏鬼國(ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄕˋ ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1042–1278)
  • Dazhong (大中(ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄨㄥ)) (AD 1094–1096) – Interrupted the Dali Kingdom; Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Baiman descent
    • Chiefdom of Yao'an (姚安土司(ㄧㄠˊ ㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1147–1729)
    • Chiefdom of Heqing (鶴慶土司(ㄏㄜˋ ㄑㄧㄥˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1253–1437)
    • Chiefdom of Yongsheng (永勝土司(ㄩㄥˇ ㄕㄥˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1946)
  • Keraite state (克烈(ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ)) (AD 11th century–13th century)
  • Chiefdom of Lingtsang (林蔥土司(ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄘㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 11th century–1959)
  • Ziqi (自杞(ㄗˋ ㄑㄧˇ)) (AD 1100–1259)
  • Jin dynasty (金朝(ㄐㄧㄣ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1115–1234) – Ruled by the House of Wanyan (完顏) of Jurchen descent
  • Great Bohai (大渤海(ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ)) (AD 1116) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高)
  • Xi (奚(ㄒㄧ)) (AD 1123) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (蕭) of Kumo Xi descent
  • Chu (楚(ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 1127) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Han descent
  • Liu Qi (劉齊(ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄑㄧˊ)) (AD 1130–1137) – Ruled by the House of Liu (劉) of Han descent
  • Khamag Mongol (蒙兀(ㄇㄥˇ ㄨˋ)) (AD 1148–1171) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
  • Former Northwestern Liao (前西北遼(ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧ ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1161–1164) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
  • Ren Chu (任楚(ㄖㄣˊ ㄔㄨˇ)) (AD 1170) – Ruled by the House of Ren (任) of Han descent
  • Chiefdom of Nangqên (囊謙土司(ㄋㄤˊ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1175–1955) – Ruled by the House of Zhi (智) of Tibetan descent
  • Chiang Hung (景隴金殿國(ㄐㄧㄥˇ ㄌㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1180–1950)
  • Later Northwestern Liao (後西北遼(ㄏㄡˋ ㄒㄧ ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1196) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
  • Naiman state (乃蠻(ㄋㄞˇ ㄇㄢˊ)) (?–AD 1206) – Ruled by the House of Güčügüt (古出古惕) of Naiman descent
    • Northern Naiman (北乃蠻(ㄅㄟˇ ㄋㄞˇ ㄇㄢˊ)) (AD 1198–1204)
    • Southern Naiman (南乃蠻(ㄋㄢˊ ㄋㄞˇ ㄇㄢˊ)) (AD 1198–1206)
  • Mongol Empire (蒙古帝國(ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1206–1368) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
    • Ögedei Khanate (窩闊台汗國(ㄨㄛ ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1225–1309)
    • Chagatai Khanate (察合台汗國(ㄔㄚˊ ㄍㄜˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1225–1346)
      • Western Chagatai Khanate (西察合台汗國(ㄒㄧ ㄔㄚˊ ㄍㄜˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1346–1402)
      • Eastern Chagatai Khanate (東察合台汗國(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄔㄚˊ ㄍㄜˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1347–1680)
        • Beshbalik (別失八里(ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄕ ㄅㄚ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 1389–1418)
        • Ili Baliq (亦力把里(ㄧˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ)) (AD 1418–1508)
        • Turpan Khanate (吐魯番汗國(ㄊㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄈㄢ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1487–1570)
        • Yarkent Khanate (葉爾羌汗國(ㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄤ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1514–1705)
    • Yuan dynasty (元朝(ㄩㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1271–1368)
      • Northern Yuan (北元(ㄅㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ)) (AD 1368–1635)
        • Altan Khanate (阿拉坦汗部(ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄊㄢˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄅㄨˋ)) (AD 1609–1691)
        • Tüsheet Khanate (土謝圖汗部(ㄊㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄊㄨˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄅㄨˋ)) (AD 1691–1923)
        • Setsen Khanate (車臣汗部(ㄔㄜ ㄔㄣˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄅㄨˋ)) (AD 1691–1923)
        • Jasaghtu Khanate (札薩克圖汗部(ㄓㄚ ㄙㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄅㄨˋ)) (AD 1691–1923)
  • Wu Shu (吳蜀(ㄨˊ ㄕㄨˇ)) (AD 1207) – Ruled by the House of Wu (吳) of Han descent
  • Eastern Liao (東遼(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1213–1269) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
    • Later Liao (後遼(ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄠˊ)) (AD 1216–1219)
  • Eastern Xia (東夏(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄚˋ)) (AD 1215–1233) – Ruled by the House of Puxian (蒲鮮) of Jurchen descent
  • Kingdom of Mangalai (曼尕賴(ㄇㄢˋ ㄍㄚˇ ㄌㄞˋ)) (AD 1220–1877)
  • Laduijiang (拉堆絳(ㄌㄚ ㄉㄨㄟ ㄐㄧㄤˋ)) (AD 1227–1610)
  • Chiefdom of Menggen (孟艮土司(ㄇㄥˋ ㄍㄣˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1263–1959) – Ruled by the House of Dao (刀) of Dai descent
  • Tianwan (天完(ㄊㄧㄢ ㄨㄢˊ)) (AD 1351–1360) – Ruled by the House of Xu (徐) of Han descent
  • Zhou (周(ㄓㄡ)) (AD 1354–1367) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Han descent
  • Phagmodrupa dynasty (帕木竹巴(ㄆㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄓㄨˊ ㄅㄚ)) (AD 1354–1618)
  • Han Song (韓宋(ㄏㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ)) (AD 1355–1366) – Ruled by the House of Han (韓) of Han descent
  • Chen Han (陳漢(ㄔㄣˊ ㄏㄢˋ)) (AD 1360–1364) – Ruled by the House of Chen (陳) of Han descent
  • Ming Xia (明夏(ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ)) (AD 1363–1371) – Ruled by the House of Ming (明) of Han descent
  • Ming dynasty (明朝(ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1368–1644) – Ruled by the House of Zhu (朱) of Han descent
    • Western Wu (西吳(ㄒㄧ ㄨˊ)) (AD 1364–1368)
    • Southern Ming (南明(ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ)) (AD 1644–1662)
  • Chiefdom of Muping (穆坪土司(ㄇㄨˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1373–1928)
  • Kara Del (哈密國(ㄏㄚ ㄇㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1380–1513) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
  • Chiefdom of Yongning (永寧土司(ㄩㄥˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1381–1956) – Ruled by the House of A (阿) of Mosuo descent
  • Chiefdom of Nandian (南甸土司(ㄋㄢˊ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1389–1950) – Ruled by the House of Dao (刀) of Dai descent
  • Chiefdom of Gengma (耿馬土司(ㄍㄥˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1397–1950) – Ruled by the House of Han (罕) of Dai descent
  • Mong Lem (孟璉(ㄇㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄢˇ)) (AD 14th century–19th century)
  • Hor States (五霍爾(ㄨˇ ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ)) (AD 14th century–20th century)
    • Khangsar (康薩(ㄎㄤ ㄙㄚˋ)) (?–?)
    • Mazur (馬蘇(ㄇㄚˇ ㄙㄨ)) (?–?)
    • Drango (特郎哥(ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄤˊ ㄍㄜ)) (?–?)
    • Beri (彼里(ㄅㄧˇ ㄌㄧˇ)) (?–?)
    • Trehor (哲霍(ㄓㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ)) (?–?)
  • Chiefdom of Zhuoni (卓尼土司(ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1418–1949) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Tibetan descent
  • Rinpungpa (仁蚌巴(ㄖㄣˊ ㄅㄤˋ ㄅㄚ)) (AD 1435–1565)
  • Chiefdom of Mangshi (芒市土司(ㄇㄤˊ ㄕˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1443–1955) – Ruled by the House of Fang (放) of Dai descent
  • Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh (拉達克南嘉王朝(ㄌㄚ ㄉㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1470–1842) – Ruled by the House of Namgyal (南嘉)
  • Chiefdom of Yongshun (永順土司(ㄩㄥˇ ㄕㄨㄣˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1492–1928) – Ruled by the House of Deng (鄧)
  • Kingdom of Derge (德格王國(ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 15th century–1956) – Ruled by the House of mGar (噶爾) of Tibetan descent
  • Ula (烏拉(ㄨ ㄌㄚ)) (AD 1561–1613) – Ruled by the House of Ula Nara (烏拉那拉) of Jurchen descent
  • Tsangpa (藏巴王朝(ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄚ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1565–1642)
  • Chiefdom of Zhefang (遮放土司(ㄓㄜ ㄈㄤˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 16th century–1955) – Ruled by the House of Duo (多) of Dai descent
  • Chiefdom of Menghan (勐罕土司(ㄇㄥˇ ㄏㄢˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1606–1950) – Ruled by the House of Shao (召) of Dai descent
  • Dzungar Khanate (準噶爾汗國(ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1634–1757) – Ruled by the House of Choros (綽羅斯) of Mongol descent
  • Qing dynasty (清朝(ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1636–1912, AD 1917) – Ruled by the House of Aisin Gioro (愛新覺羅) of Manchu descent
    • Later Jin (後金(ㄏㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄣ)) (AD 1616–1636)
  • Khoshut Khanate (和碩特汗國(ㄏㄜˊ ㄕㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1642–1717) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
  • Xi (西(ㄒㄧ)) (AD 1644–1646) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (張) of Han descent
  • Shun dynasty (順朝(ㄕㄨㄣˋ ㄔㄠˊ)) (AD 1644–1646) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Tangut descent
  • Chiefdom of Muli (木里土司(ㄇㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1648–1952) – Ruled by the House of Xiang (項) of Pumi descent
  • Kingdom of Tungning (東寧(ㄉㄨㄥ ㄋㄧㄥˊ)) (AD 1661–1683) – Ruled by the House of Zheng (鄭) of Han descent
  • Wu Zhou (吳周(ㄨˊ ㄓㄡ)) (AD 1678–1681) – Ruled by the House of Wu (吳) of Han descent
  • Kumul Khanate (哈密汗國(ㄏㄚ ㄇㄧˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1696–1930) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
  • Kingdom of Seqalu (瑯𤩝十八社(ㄌㄤˊ ㄑㄧㄠˊ ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄕㄜˋ)) (AD 17th century–1930) – Ruled by the House of Garuljigulj (卡珞利谷) of Puyuma descent
  • Chiefdom of Bathang (巴塘土司(ㄅㄚ ㄊㄤˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1719–1906)
  • Chiefdom of Lithang (理塘土司(ㄌㄧˇ ㄊㄤˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1719–1906)
  • Chiefdom of Lijiang (麗江土司(ㄌㄧˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1723) – Ruled by the House of Mu (木) of Nakhi descent
  • Kingdom of Middag (大肚王國(ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (?–AD 1732) – Ruled by the House of Camachat (甘仔轄) of Papora descent
  • Chiefdom of Kokang (果敢土司(ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄍㄢˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1739–1959) – Ruled by the House of Yang (楊) of Kokang descent
  • Chiefdom of Shizhu (石砫土司(ㄕˊ ㄓㄨˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1761) – Ruled by the House of Ma (馬) of Tujia descent
  • Chiefdom of Mengjiaodong (勐角董土司(ㄇㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄉㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1771–1949) – Ruled by the House of Han (罕) of Tai Nuea descent
  • Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (太平天國(ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1851–1864) – Ruled by the House of Hong (洪) of Han descent
  • Pingnan (平南(ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄋㄢˊ)) (AD 1856–1873) – Ruled by the House of Du (杜) of Hui descent
  • Yettishar Khanate (哲德沙爾汗國(ㄓㄜˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄕㄚ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1865–1867)
    • Hongfu Khanate (洪福汗國(ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄨˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1867–1877)
  • Chiefdom of Mengban (勐板土司(ㄇㄥˇ ㄅㄢˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1899–1955) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (蔣) of Han descent
  • Bogd Khanate (博克多汗國(ㄅㄛˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1911–1919, AD 1921–1924)
  • Chiefdom of Yutong (魚通土司(ㄩˊ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1911) – Ruled by the House of Jia (甲)
  • Chiefdom of Geshizha (革什札土司(ㄍㄜˊ ㄕˊ ㄓㄚˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1911)
  • Empire of China (中華帝國(ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1915–1916) – Ruled by the House of Yuan (袁) of Han descent
  • Kingdom of Powo (波密土王(ㄅㄛ ㄇㄧˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄨㄤˊ)) (?–AD 1910, AD 1911–1928)
  • Kingdom of Tjaquvuquvulj (大龜文(ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄟ ㄨㄣˊ)) (?–AD 1930)
  • Manchukuo (滿洲國(ㄇㄢˇ ㄓㄡ ㄍㄨㄛˊ)) (AD 1934–1945) – Ruled by the House of Aisin Gioro (愛新覺羅) of Manchu descent
  • Chiefdom of Ganya (干崖土司(ㄍㄢ ㄧㄚˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1949) – Ruled by the House of Chi (郗) of Dai descent
  • Chiefdom of Menghai (勐海土司(ㄇㄥˇ ㄏㄞˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 1950) – Ruled by the House of Shao (召) of Dai descent
  • Eighteen Chiefdoms of Gyalrong (嘉絨十八土司(ㄐㄧㄚ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–?)
    • Chiefdom of Shenbian (沈邊土司(ㄕㄣˇ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1369–1911) – Ruled by the House of Yu (余) of Mongol descent
    • Chiefdom of Chakla (明正土司(ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1407–1911) – Ruled by the House of Jia (甲) of Gyalrong descent
    • Chiefdom of Zagu (雜谷土司(ㄗㄚˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1410–1752)
      • Chiefdom of Suomo (梭磨土司(ㄙㄨㄛ ㄇㄛˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1721–1938)
        • Chiefdom of Songgang (松崗土司(ㄙㄨㄥ ㄍㄤˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1753–1928)
    • Chiefdom of Lengbian (冷邊土司(ㄌㄥˇ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1410–1911) – Ruled by the House of Zhou (周)
    • Chiefdom of Wasi (瓦寺土司(ㄨㄚˇ ㄙˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1441–1935) – Ruled by the House of Suo (索) of Gyalrong descent
    • Chiefdom of Tsanlha (贊拉土司(ㄗㄢˋ ㄌㄚ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1650–1776)
    • Chiefdom of Wori (沃日土司(ㄨㄛˋ ㄖˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1658–?)
    • Chiefdom of Chuosijia (綽斯甲土司(ㄔㄨㄛˋ ㄙ ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1702–?)
    • Chiefdom of Chuchen (促侵土司(ㄘㄨˋ ㄑㄧㄣ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1723–1776)
    • Chiefdom of Dangba (黨壩土司(ㄉㄤˇ ㄅㄚˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1753–1953)
    • Chiefdom of Zhuokeji (卓克基土司(ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄐㄧ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1753–?)
    • Chiefdom of Bawang (巴旺土司(ㄅㄚ ㄨㄤˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1774–?)
      • Chiefdom of Badi (巴底土司(ㄅㄚ ㄉㄧˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (AD 1774–?)
    • Chiefdom of Tianquan (天全土司(ㄊㄧㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–AD 18th century)
    • Chiefdom of Muping (穆坪土司(ㄇㄨˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–?)
    • Chiefdom of Dandong (丹東土司(ㄉㄢ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–?)
  • Chiefdom of Béri (白利土司(ㄅㄞˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄙ)) (?–?)

Cyprus


Indian Subcontinent

Note that many dates before the 9th century AD are disputed.[5]

Indonesia

Iran (Persia)

Japan

  • Imperial House of Japan (皇室(こうしつ)) (660 BC–present) – Also called "Yamato dynasty"; The traditional founding year of 660 BC assigned by Japanese historiography is typically considered to be legendary
    • Northern Court (北朝(ほくちょう)) (AD 1331–1392) – Also called "Jimyōin line" (持明院統(じみょういんとう))
    • Southern Court (南朝(なんちょう)) (AD 1336–1392) – Also called "Daikakuji line" (大覚寺統(だいかくじとう))
      • Later Southern Court (後南朝(ごなんちょう)) (AD 1392–1514)
  • House of Aviz-Beja (アヴィス=ベージャ王朝) (AD 1580) – Nagasaki under Portuguese rule
  • Philippine dynasty (スペイン・ハプスブルク朝) (AD 1581–1587) – Nagasaki under Portuguese rule

Jordan

Korea

  • Gojoseon (고조선 / 古朝鮮) (2333–108 BC) – The traditional founding year of 2333 BC assigned by Korean historiography is typically considered to be mythical
  • Takri Kingdom (고리국 / 槀離國) (c. 5th century–2nd century BC)
  • Jin (진 / 辰) (c. 4th century–2nd century BC)
  • Dongye (동예 / 東濊) (c. 3rd century BC–AD 5th century)
  • Buyeo (부여 / 扶餘) (239 BC–AD 494)
    • Northern Buyeo (북부여 / 北扶餘) (239–58 BC)
    • Jolbon Buyeo (졸본부여 / 卒本扶餘) (86–37 BC)
    • Eastern Buyeo (동부여 / 東扶餘) (86 BC–AD 410)
  • Okjeo (옥저 / 沃沮) (c. 2nd century BC–AD 5th century)
    • Eastern Okjeo (동옥저 / 東沃沮) – Also called "Southern Okjeo" (남옥저 / 南沃沮)
    • Northern Okjeo (북옥저 / 北沃沮)
  • Han dynasty (한나라 / 漢朝) (c. 108 BC–AD 9, AD 30–220) – Ruled by the House of Liu (유 / 劉); Chinese rule over the Four Commanderies of Han on the Korean Peninsula as far south as the Han River
  • Nakrang Kingdom (낙랑국 / 樂浪國) (c. 1st century BC–AD 37)
  • Samhan (삼한 / 三韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 5th century)
    • Jinhan (진한 / 辰韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 4th century)
    • Mahan (마한 / 馬韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 5th century)
    • Byeonhan (변한 / 弁韓) (c. 1st century–4th century AD)
  • Three Kingdoms (삼국 / 三國) (57 BC–AD 668)
    • Silla (신라 / 新羅) (57 BC–AD 935) – Ruled by the House of Park (박 / 朴), the House of Seok (석 / 昔), and the House of Kim (김 / 金)
    • Goguryeo (고구려 / 高句麗) (37 BC–AD 668) – Ruled by the House of Go (고 / 高)
    • Baekje (백제 / 百濟) (18 BC–AD 660) – Ruled by the House of Buyeo (부여 / 扶餘); Also called "Southern Buyeo" (남부여 / 南扶餘)
  • Tamna (탐라 / 耽羅) (57 BC–AD 1402)
  • Xin dynasty (신나라 / 新朝) (AD 9–23) – Interrupted the Han dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wang (왕 / 王); Chinese rule over the Four Commanderies of Han on the Korean Peninsula
  • Gaya (가야 / 伽倻) (AD 42–562)
  • Cao Wei (조위 / 曹魏) (AD 236–265) – Ruled by the House of Cao (조 / 曹); Chinese rule over the Daifang Commandery on part of the Korean Peninsula
  • Jin dynasty (진(위진) / 晉朝) (AD 266–314) – Ruled by the House of Sima (사마 / 司馬); Chinese rule over the Daifang Commandery on part of the Korean Peninsula
  • Tang dynasty (당나라 / 唐朝) (AD 660–690, AD 705–761) – Ruled by the House of Li (이 / 李); Chinese rule over the Ungjin Commandery and Gyerim Territory Area Command on part of the Korean Peninsula
    • Wu Zhou (무주 / 武周) (AD 690–705) – Interrupted the Tang dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wu (무 / 武); Chinese rule over the Ungjin Commandery and Gyerim Territory Area Command on part of the Korean Peninsula
  • Bodeog (보덕국 / 報德國) (AD 674–683) – Ruled by the House of Go (고 / 高)
  • Northern and Southern States (남북국 / 南北國) (AD 698–892)
    • Later Silla (후신라 / 後新羅) (AD 668–935) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김 / 金); Also called "Unified Silla" (통일신라 / 統一新羅)
    • Balhae (발해 / 渤海) (AD 698–926) – Ruled by the House of Dae (대 / 大)
  • Jang-an (장안 / 長安) (AD 822–825) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김 / 金)
  • Later Three Kingdoms (후삼국 / 後三國) (AD 892–936)
    • Later Silla (후신라 / 後新羅) (AD 668–935) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김 / 金); Also called "Unified Silla" (통일신라 / 統一新羅)
    • Later Baekje (후백제 / 後百濟) (AD 892–936) – Ruled by the House of Gyeon (견 / 甄)
    • Taebong (태봉 / 泰封) (AD 901–918) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김 / 金); Also called "Later Goguryeo" (후고구려 / 後高句麗)
  • Goryeo (고려 / 高麗) (AD 918–1392) – Ruled by the House of Wang (왕 / 王)
  • Later Sabeol (후사벌 / 後沙伐) (AD 919–927) – Ruled by the House of Park (박 / 朴)
  • Usan (우산국 / 于山國) (?–AD 1022)
  • Daewi (대위국 / 大為國) (AD 1135–1136)
  • Yuan dynasty (원나라 / 元朝) (AD 1270–1356) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (보르지긴 / 孛兒只斤); Goryeo ruled as the Zhengdong Province of the Yuan dynasty of China
  • Joseon (조선 / 朝鮮) (AD 1392–1897) – Ruled by the House of Yi (이 / 李)
  • Daegeum (대금 / 大金) (AD 1453) – Ruled by the House of Yi (이 / 李)
  • Imperial House of Japan (일본 황실 / 日本皇室) (AD 1910–1945) – Korea under Japanese rule

Kuwait

Laos

Lebanon

Malaysia

Maldives

Mesopotamia

Mongolia

Myanmar (Burma)

Nepal

(राणा वंश) (AD 1857-1951)

Oman

Palestine

Philippines

Qatar

Ryukyu Islands

Saudi Arabia

Siberia

Singapore

Sri Lanka

Thailand (Siam)

  • Singhanavati (สิงหนวัติ)
  • Lavachakkaraj dynasty (AD 638–1292) – Kingdom of Hiran
  • Phra Ruang dynasty (ราชวงศ์พระร่วง) (AD 1238–1438) – Sukhothai Kingdom
  • Mangrai dynasty (AD 1292–1558) – Lan Na
  • Uthong dynasty (ราชวงศ์อู่ทอง) (AD 1350–1370, AD 1388–1409) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • Suphannaphum dynasty (ราชวงศ์สุพรรณภูมิ) (AD 1370–1388, AD 1409–1569) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • Inland dynasty (AD 1457–1688) – Pattani Kingdom
  • Sukhothai dynasty (ราชวงศ์สุโขทัย) (AD 1569–1629) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • Sultanate of Singora (รัฐสุลต่านซิงกอรา) (AD 1605–1680)
  • Prasart Thong dynasty (ราชวงศ์ปราสาททอง) (AD 1629–1688) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • Baan Plu Luang dynasty (ราชวงศ์บ้านพลูหลวง) (AD 1688–1767) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • First Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1688–1808) – Pattani Kingdom
  • Chet Ton dynasty (เชื้อเจ็ดตน) (AD 1732–1943) – Also called "Thipchak dynasty" (ราชวงศ์ทิพย์จักร)
  • Thonburi dynasty (ราชวงศ์ธนบุรี) (AD 1767–1782) – Thonburi Kingdom
  • Chakri dynasty (ราชวงศ์จักรี) (AD 1782–present) – Rattanakosin Kingdom (AD 1782–1932) and Kingdom of Thailand (AD 1932–present)
  • Second Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1842–1902) – Pattani Kingdom

Timor-Leste (East Timor)

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

Vietnam

  • Hồng Bàng dynasty (Hồng Bàng thị / 鴻龐氏) (2879–258 BC)
    • Càn line (Chi Càn / 支乾) (2879–2794 BC)
    • Khảm line (Chi Khảm / 支坎) (2793–2525 BC)
    • Cấn line (Chi Cấn / 支艮) (2524–2253 BC)
    • Chấn line (Chi Chấn / 支震) (2252–1913 BC)
    • Tốn line (Chi Tốn / 支巽) (1912–1713 BC)
    • Ly line (Chi Ly / 支離) (1712–1632 BC)
    • Khôn line (Chi Khôn / 支坤) (1631–1432 BC)
    • Đoài line (Chi Đoài / 支兌) (1431–1332 BC)
    • Giáp line (Chi Giáp / 支甲) (1331–1252 BC)
    • Ất line (Chi Ất / 支乙) (1251–1162 BC)
    • Bính line (Chi Bính / 支丙) (1161–1055 BC)
    • Đinh line (Chi Đinh / 支丁) (1054–969 BC)
    • Mậu line (Chi Mậu / 支戊) (968–854 BC)
    • Kỷ line (Chi Kỷ / 支己) (853–755 BC)
    • Canh line (Chi Canh / 支庚) (754–661 BC)
    • Tân line (Chi Tân / 支辛) (660–569 BC)
    • Nhâm line (Chi Nhâm / 支壬) (568–409 BC)
    • Qúy line (Chi Qúy / 支癸) (408–258 BC)
  • Thục dynasty (Nhà Thục / 茹蜀) (257–207 BC)
  • Triệu dynasty (Nhà Triệu / 茹趙) (204–111 BC) – Founded by Zhao Tuo from the Chinese Qin dynasty; Vietnam ruled as part of Nanyue
  • Han dynasty (Nhà Hán / 茹漢) (111 BC–AD 9, AD 23–40, AD 43–220) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (First domination and Second domination)
  • Xin dynasty (Nhà Tân / 茹新) (AD 9–23) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (First domination); Interrupted the Han dynasty
  • Trưng sisters (Hai Bà Trưng / 𠄩婆徵) (AD 40–43) – Interrupted the Han dynasty
  • Eastern Wu (Đông Ngô / 東吳) (AD 229–265, AD 271–280) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Second domination)
  • Jin dynasty (Nhà Tấn / 茹晉) (AD 266–271, AD 280–420) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Second domination)
  • Liu Song (Lưu Tống / 劉宋) (AD 420–479) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Second domination)
  • Southern Qi (Nam Tề / 南齊) (AD 479–502) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Second domination)
  • Liang dynasty (Nhà Lương / 茹梁) (AD 502–544) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Second domination)
  • Early Lý dynasty (Nhà Tiền Lý / 茹前李) (AD 544–602)
  • Sui dynasty (Nhà Tùy / 茹隋) (AD 602–618) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Third domination)
  • Tang dynasty (Nhà Đường / 茹唐) (AD 621–690, AD 705–905) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Third domination)
    • Wu Zhou (Võ Chu / 武周) (AD 690–705) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Third domination); Interrupted the Tang dynasty
  • Khúc clan (Họ Khúc / 𣱆曲) (AD 905–930)
  • Southern Han (Nam Hán / 南漢) (AD 930–938) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Third domination)
  • Ngô dynasty (Nhà Ngô / 茹吳) (AD 939–965)
  • Đinh dynasty (Nhà Đinh / 茹丁) (AD 968–980)
  • Early Lê dynasty (Nhà Tiền Lê / 茹前黎) (AD 980–1009)
  • Lý dynasty (Nhà Lý / 茹李) (AD 1009–1225)
  • Trần dynasty (Nhà Trần / 茹陳) (AD 1225–1400)
  • Hồ dynasty (Nhà Hồ / 茹胡) (AD 1400–1407)
  • Ming dynasty (Nhà Minh / 茹明) (AD 1407–1427) – Vietnam under Chinese rule (Fourth domination)
  • Later Lê dynasty (Nhà Hậu Lê / 茹後黎) (AD 1428–1527, AD 1533–1789)
  • Mạc dynasty (Nhà Mạc / 茹莫) (AD 1527–1677)
  • Bầu lords (Chúa Bầu / 主裒) (AD 1527–1689)
  • Trịnh lords (Chúa Trịnh / 主鄭) (AD 1545–1787)
  • Nguyễn lords (Chúa Nguyễn / 主阮) (AD 1558–1777)
  • Principality of Hà Tiên (Hà Tiên trấn / 河僊鎮) (AD 1707–1832) – Founded by Mo Jiu from the Chinese Southern Ming dynasty
  • Tây Sơn dynasty (Nhà Tây Sơn / 茹西山) (AD 1778–1802)
  • Nguyễn dynasty (Nhà Nguyễn / 茹阮) (AD 1802–1945) – Nguyễn monarch legally maintained the nominal title of "emperor" in the Domain of the Crown from 1950 to 1955[6]
  • House of Bonaparte (Nhà Bonaparte) (AD 1862–1870) – Cochinchina under French rule

Yemen

List of dynasties in Europe

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties
  Extant non-sovereign dynasties

Albania

Austria

Bavarii

Burgundians

Franks

Huns

This is a list of rulers of the Huns. Period Ruler

  • Vund c. 360
  • Balamber 360–378
  • Baltazár (Alypbi) 378–390
  • Uldin (Khan of the Western Huns) 390–410
  • Donatus (Khan of the Eastern Black Sea Huns & beyond) 410–412
  • Charaton (Aksungur) 412–422
  • Octar[1] 422–432
  • Rugila 432–434
  • Bleda with Attila c. 434 – c. 445
  • Attila "the Hun" c. 434–453
  • Ellac 453 – c. 455
  • Tuldila fl. c. 457
  • Dengizich (Sabirs attack c. 460–463) ?-469 with Hernach/BelkErmak
  • Hernach/BelkErmak[2] 469–503
  • House of Dulo Bulgaria (390–503) A Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans genealogy claims that the Dulo clan is descended from Attila the Hun.

Lombards

Ostrogoths

Suebi

Vandals

Visigoths

Belgium

Medieval feudal states[lower-alpha 28]

Kingdom of Belgium

Bohemia/Czechia

Great Moravia

Duchy of Bohemia

Kingdom of Bohemia

Bosnia

Bulgaria

Croatia

Denmark

England

Estonia

Faroe Islands

Finland

France

Germany

Bavaria

Saxony

Georgia

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Monaco

Montenegro

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

County of Portugal

Kingdom of Portugal

Roman Empire

Romania

Moldavia

Wallachia

After the Unification

Russia

  • Khazar Khaganate (Хазары) (AD 650–969)
  • Volga Bulgaria (Волжская Булгария) (AD 7th century–1242)
  • Rus' Khaganate (Русский каганат) (AD 8th century–9th century) – Hypothesized
  • Kyi dynasty (AD 842–882)
  • Rurik dynasty (Рю́риковичи) (AD 862–1598, AD 1605–1610)
  • Golden Horde (Золотая Орда) (AD 1242–1502) – Russia under Mongol rule
  • Qasim dynasty (AD 1575–1576)
  • Godunov dynasty (Годуно́в) (AD 1598–1605)
  • House of Vasa (Васа) (AD 1610–1613)
  • House of Romanov (Рома́новы) (AD 1613–1762, AD 1796–1917, AD 1922)
  • Kalmyk Khanate (Калмыцкое ханство) (AD 1630–1771)
  • House of Ascania (Аскании) (AD 1762–1796)

Scotland

Serbia

Spain

Sweden

Ukraine

Wales

List of dynasties in North America

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties

Alaska

Antigua and Barbuda

  • House of Stuart (AD 1632–1649, AD 1660–1714) – Antigua and Barbuda under English rule (AD 1632–1649, AD 1660–1707) and Antigua and Barbuda under British rule (AD 1707–1714)
  • House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901) – Antigua and Barbuda under British rule
  • House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Antigua and Barbuda under British rule

The Bahamas

Barbados

Belize

Bermuda

Canada

Costa Rica

Cuba

  • House of Trastámara (Casa de Trastámara) (AD 1511–1555) – Cuba under Spanish rule
  • House of Habsburg (Casa de Habsburgo) (AD 1516–1700) – Cuba under Spanish rule
  • House of Borbón-Anjou (Casa de Borbón-Anjou) (AD 1700–1808, AD 1813–1868, AD 1874–1898) – Cuba under Spanish rule
  • House of Bonaparte (Casa de Bonaparte) (AD 1808–1813) – Cuba under Spanish rule
  • House of Savoy (Casa de Saboya) (AD 1870–1873) – Cuba under Spanish rule

Dominica

El Salvador

Greenland

Grenada

Haiti

Jamaica

Maya

Mexico

Panama

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Trinidad and Tobago

Conterminous United States

List of dynasties in Oceania

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties
  Extant non-sovereign dynasties

Australia

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Cook Islands

Fiji

Gambier Islands

Hawaii

Kiribati

Micronesia

New Zealand

Niue

Palau

Papua New Guinea

Samoa

Society Islands

Solomon Islands

Tonga

Tuvalu

Vanuatu

List of dynasties in South America

Legend
  Extant non-sovereign dynasties

Argentina

  • House of Habsburg (Casa de Habsburgo) (AD 1534–1700) – Argentina under Spanish rule
  • House of Borbón-Anjou (Casa de Borbón-Anjou) (AD 1700–1808, AD 1813–1816) – Argentina under Spanish rule
  • House of Bonaparte (Casa de Bonaparte) (AD 1808–1813) – Argentina under Spanish rule

Bolivia

Brazil

Chile

Guyana

Peru

List of dynasties with claimed possessions in Antarctica

Note that modern territorial claims in Antarctica are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.[7]

Legend
  Extant sovereign dynasties

See also

Notes

  1. Existing sovereign entities ruled by non-dynastic monarchs are:
  2. The founder of a dynasty need not necessarily equate to the first monarch of a particular realm. For example, while William I was the dynastic founder of the House of Orange-Nassau which currently rules over the Kingdom of the Netherlands, he was never a monarch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
  3. Not to be confused with dynastic seat.
  4. The House of Windsor is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.
  5. A sovereign state with Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state is known as a Commonwealth realm.
  6. George V was formerly a member of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha prior to AD 1917.
  7. Including:
  8. The Realm of New Zealand consists of:
  9. Including: The Crown Dependencies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey, and the Isle of Man are neither part of the United Kingdom nor the British Overseas Territories.
  10. The House of Belgium is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Belgium" in AD 1920.
  11. Albert I was formerly a member of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha prior to AD 1920.
  12. Claimed by the royal house, but the historicity is questionable.
  13. The House of Norodom is a branch of the Varman dynasty.
  14. The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  15. The Danish Realm consists of:
  16. Including:
  17. The Imperial House of Japan, or the Yamato dynasty, is the world's oldest continuous dynasty. The dynasty has produced an unbroken succession of Japanese monarchs since the legendary founding year of 660 BC.
  18. The House of Hashim is descended from Banu Qatada, which was a branch of the House of Ali.
  19. The House of Luxembourg-Nassau is descended from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, which is a branch of the House of Nassau and the House of Bourbon-Parma.
  20. The Bendahara dynasty is the ruling dynasty of Pahang Darul Makmur and Terengganu. The Sultan of Pahang is the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
  21. The throne of Malaysia rotates among the nine constituent monarchies of Malaysia, each ruled by a dynasty. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers.
  22. The House of Orange-Nassau is a branch of the House of Nassau. Additionally, Willem-Alexander is also linked to the House of Lippe through Beatrix of the Netherlands.
  23. The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of:
  24. The House of Borbón-Anjou is a branch of the House of Bourbon.
  25. The House of Nahyan is the ruling dynasty of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Emir of Abu Dhabi is the incumbent President of the United Arab Emirates.
  26. The President of the United Arab Emirates is elected by the Federal Supreme Council. The office has been held by the Emir of Abu Dhabi since the formation of the United Arab Emirates in AD 1971.
  27. Since AD 2011, Montenegro officially recognizes the limited non-political role of the Petrović-Njegoš dynasty in cultural promotion. The Petrović-Njegoš dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Montenegro between AD 1696 and AD 1918.
  28. Including the County of Flanders, Marquisate of Namur, Duchy of Brabant, County of Hainaut, Duchy of Limburg and County of Luxembourg

References

  1. "The Realms". The British Monarchists Society. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  2. Tan, Qixiang, ed. (1982). "唐时期全图(一)". The Historical Atlas of China.
  3. Tan, Qixiang, ed. (1982). "唐时期全图(二)". The Historical Atlas of China.
  4. Tan, Qixiang, ed. (1982). "唐时期全图(三)". The Historical Atlas of China.
  5. Keay, John (2010). China: A History. ISBN 9780007372089.
  6. Lê Đình Chi. Người Thượng Miền Nam Việt Nam. Gardena, California: Văn Mới, 2006. Pages: 401-449. (in Vietnamese).
  7. Melton, John; Baumann, Martin (2010). Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices. p. 140. ISBN 9781598842043.
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